E tusa ai ma le International Chamber of Commerce, o tusi o aitalafu e faafaigofieina ai le sili atu i le $1 trillion i fefaʻatauaʻiga i le lalolagi i tausaga taʻitasi, o loʻo avea ma pito i tua o le saogalemu o pisinisi faavaomalo. I se vaitau o loʻo tupu ai fefaʻatauaiga i luga o tuaoi i le saoasaoa o le uila, o le malamalama i nei meafaigaluega tau tupe e leʻi sili atu ona taua.
Le Vaaiga Tau Fefa'ataua'iga Fa'aonaponei
le fefa'ataua'iga fa'ava-o-malo o loʻo faʻaauau pea ona faʻaleleia vave, faʻaalia uma avanoa ma luʻitau mo pisinisi o loʻo faʻatautaia i maketi o le lalolagi. Manatu i se kamupani gaosi mea tau eletise e fa'avae i UAE e lafo atu oloa i Asia i Sautesasae - a'o matagofie tupe mama, o le totogiina o lamatiaga e mafai ona faigata.
O aso uma, e faitau afe containers e sopoia vasa, ma laʻu oloa e faitau miliona tala lona tau. I tua atu o uta manuia ta'itasi o lo'o taoto ai se faiga tau tupe ua fa'atulaga lelei e puipuia uma ai tagata fa'atau ma fa'atau. O le mea lea fofo tau fefa'ataua'iga sau i le taʻaloga, faʻatasi ai ma tusi o aitalafu e taʻitaʻia ai le moliaga i le faʻaitiitia o lamatiaga.
I le fa'alavelave lavelave o fefa'ataua'iga i le lalolagi, o pisinisi o lo'o fa'atino fefa'ataua'iga fa'aulufale atu i fafo e tatau ona fa'amuamua auala fa'aitiitiga fa'aletonu o tupe totogi. O le fa'aogaina o fofo fa'atupe tau fefa'ataua'iga e fa'amautinoa ai le malupuipuia o totogi fa'ava-o-malo, fa'aleleia le fa'atuatuaina ma le fa'amaoni i le va o pa'aga fefa'ataua'iga faavaomalo.
Fa'ate'aina Tulaga Tulaga Tulaga i Fefa'ataua'iga Fefa'ataua'iga
Fa'asagaga i le Paso Tu'i
Pe a auai i fefaʻatauaʻiga faʻavaomalo, o pisinisi e feagai ma se upega tafaʻilagi lavelave o lamatiaga fesoʻotaʻi e mafai ona aʻafia ai lo latou pito i lalo. O le tulaga lamatia tau fefa'ataua'iga i le lalolagi e aofia ai le tele o vaega taua e manaʻomia le gauai:
Ua lipotia mai e faalapotopotoga tau tupe o feeseeseaiga tau tupe i fefaatauaiga faava o malo ua siitia i le 25% i le lima tausaga talu ai. O le malamalama i nei tulaga lamatia o le laasaga muamua lea i le faʻatinoina o fuafuaga faʻaitiitia lelei:
- Tulaga lamatia: Le avanoa o tagata faʻatau e le mafai ona faʻaaloalo ia latou aitalafu totogi
- Tulaga lamatia: Fa'alavelave e alia'e mai tapula'a o totogi i tua atu
- Fetufaaiga Fua Faatatau Volatility: Aafiaga o fesuiaiga o tupe i tau o fefaʻatauaiga
- Fa'amaumauga Tulaga lamatia: Fa'afitauli e feso'ota'i ma fa'amaumauga tau fefa'ataua'iga sese pe le'o atoatoa
Le Tusi o Fa'aaitalafu Fofo
O se Tusi Fa'aaitalafu (LC) e galue o se upega saogalemu tau tupe, e maua ai se fa'amaoniga e lagolagoina e le faletupe e suia ai le auala e fa'amautu ai tupe totogi fa'ava-o-malo. Mafaufau i ai o se alalaupapa tupe e fesoʻotaʻi ai tagata faʻatau ma tagata faʻatau i konetineta.
Le Mechanics of Letters of Credit
Vaega Autu ma Fauga
le LC masini fa'agaioiina i se faiga fa'atonu fa'atonu e aofia ai le tele o pa'aga:
- le Tagata talosaga (Fa'aulufale mai)
- le Faletupe Tuuina atu
- le Faamanuiaina (Fa'atau atu i fafo)
- le Faufautua/Faamauina Faletupe
O fa'alapotopotoga ta'itasi e iai sona sao taua i le fa'amautinoaina o le sologa lelei o oloa ma tupe totogi a'o fa'atumauina le saogalemu i taimi uma o fefa'atauaiga.
Fa'asologa o Fa'atinoga
O le malamalama pe fa'apefea ona fa'atino lelei LC e mana'omia ai le malamalama i la latou ta'iala fa'atino:
- Fa'atalanoaga Konekarate: Fa'atuina o aiaiga ma aiaiga manino
- LC Talosaga: Pepa fa'atulagaina saunia
- Iloiloga a le Faletupe: Iloiloga o aitalafu ma auiliiliga o tulaga lamatia
- Tuuina atu ma Faasilasilaga: Fesootaiga aloaia i le va o faletupe
- Tuuina atu o Pepa: Fa'amaoniga o pepa fa'asalalau
- Fa'agaioiina o Totogi: Fa'aliliuina tupe pe a usita'ia
Fa'asologa o Tusi Fa'aaitalafu Maualuga
Fuafuaga LC fou
O mea tau fefa'ataua'iga fa'aonaponei ua fa'atupuina e ofoina atu ituaiga LC fa'apitoa e fa'amalieina mana'oga fa'apisinisi eseese:
- Tusi Ta'amilosaga Fa'aaitalafu: Lelei mo fefaʻatauaiga masani
- Toe fo'i i tua LCs: Lagolagoina o galuega tau fefa'ataua'iga
- Fa'aliliuina LCs: Fa'ataga fefa'ataua'iga fefa'ataua'iga e tele vaega
- Fuaiupu Mumu LCs: Tuuina atu avanoa tau tupe a'o le'i utaina
Suiga numera i le LC Processing
O le tulaʻi mai o tekinolosi blockchain ma tulaga tau fefa'ataua'iga numera o lo'o fa'afouina pe fa'afefea ona fa'agaioiina LC, fa'aitiitia taimi fa'agasolo mai lea aso i lea itula a'o fa'aleleia atili le saogalemu ma le manino.
Fa'ateleina Fa'amanuiaga LC mo le Fa'atupulaia o Pisinisi
Tulaga lelei mo le au fa'atau atu i fafo
O tagata fa'atau atu i fafo o lo'o fa'aaogaina LC latou te maua ni tulaga fa'atauvaga taua:
- Totogi Puipuiga: Fa'amautu fa'amautu e ala i le 'auai i faletupe
- Fuafuaga Tupe Fa'atino: Siitia le puleaina o tupe
- Fa'ateleina Maketi: Faʻaleleia atili le mafai ona ulufale atu i maketi fou
- Tulaga Faʻaitiitia: Puipuiga mai le fa'atau fa'atau
Fa'amanuiaga ma Manatuga mo Tagata Fa'aulufale mai
Mo tagata fa'aulufale mai, o lo'o ofoina mai e LCs tulaga lelei tutusa:
- Puipuiga faʻatau: Faʻamautinoaga o le mauaina o oloa e pei ona faʻamaonia
- Fa'aleleia o aitalafu: Fa'aleleia sootaga tau fefa'ataua'iga
- Sapalai Saogalemu Filifili: Pulea lelei i faiga fa'atau
Fausia Fefa'ataua'iga Mausali
Fa'ata'ita'iga Sili i Pulega LC
O le fa'atinoga manuia o LC e mana'omia ai le fa'alogo i nisi o vaega taua:
- Manuia o Sauniuniga o Pepa
- Tausisia Pulega
- Fale Fegalegaleaiga ma Paaga Faletupe
- Iloiloina o tulaga lamatia ma le Mataituina
Fa'agaioiga o Tupe Fefa'ataua'iga mo le lumana'i
O loʻo faʻaauau pea le faʻaleleia o tupe tau fefaʻatauaʻiga ma:
- Tuufaatasiga o Atamai fa'apitoa i le siakiina o pepa
- Faʻaaogaina o poloka poloka-faavae LC tulaga
- Atinaʻe o tau fefa'ataua'iga gafataulimaina fofo
O le fa'aogaina lelei o Letters of Credit o lo'o tumau pea le fa'avae mo le fa'amautu o fefa'ataua'iga fa'ava-o-malo, e mafai ai e pisinisi ona fa'atautaia ma le mautinoa maketi o le lalolagi a'o fa'atumauina le saogalemu tau tupe ma le fa'agaioiga lelei.
