Ho qhekella ha Chelete kapa Hawala naheng ea UAE, Melao le Likotlo

Hawala le Money Laundering li hlalosoa joang tlas'a Melao ea UAE?

Ho ea ka moralo oa molao le taolo oa UAE, Hawala le Chelete ea Chelete li hlalosoa ka tsela e latelang:

Hawala: Banka e Kholo ea UAE e hlalosa Hawala e le mokhoa o sa reroang oa phetisetso ea chelete o sebetsang kantle ho likanale tse tloaelehileng tsa libanka. E kenyelletsa phetisetso ea lichelete ho tloha sebakeng se seng ho ea ho se seng ka bafani ba lits'ebeletso ba tsejoang e le "hawaladars" ntle le motsamao oa chelete.

Ho Hlakola Chelete: Ho Hlakola Chelete ke tlolo ea molao tlas'a UAE Federal Law No. 20 of 2018 on Anti-Chelete Laundering and Combating the Financing of Terrorism. E hlalosoa e le mokhoa oa ho pata kapa ho pata sebopeho sa 'nete, mohloli, sebaka, ts'ebetso, motsamao, kapa botho ba lichelete kapa matlotlo a tsoang mesebetsing e seng molaong.

Mehlala e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa: tlhophiso/ho nyenyefatsa, lik'hamphani tsa likhetla, thekiso ea matlo, thekiso ea thepa e rekisoang, ts'ebetso ea lik'hasino, transaction ea cryptocurrency, bosholu ba chelete e ngata, le ho sebelisa marang-rang a Hawala hampe.

UAE e nka bohato bo matla khahlano le mesebetsi ena, 'me litlamorao tsa molao bakeng sa batho ka bomong kapa mekhatlo e amehang Hawala kapa Chelete ea Chelete e ka ba matla. Ho bohlokoa ho latela melaoana ea UAE e khahlanong le tšebeliso e mpe ea chelete le ho etsa litšebelisano tsa lichelete ka liteishene tse molaong le tse lumelletsoeng.

Hawala e molaong kapa e seng molaong ho UAE neng?

Hawala, sistimi e sa reroang ea phetisetso ea chelete, ha e molaong ka tlhaho UAE. Leha ho le joalo, ke mocha o sa laoleheng le o sa reroang, o ka sebelisoang hampe bakeng sa mesebetsi e seng molaong, ho kenyelletsa le ho qhekella chelete le ho tšehetsa bokhukhuni ka lichelete. Ho ba molaong ha litšebelisano tsa Hawala ho UAE ho ipapisitse le mohloli oa lichelete le sepheo se reriloeng.

Haeba Hawala e sebelisoa ho fetisetsa lichelete tse tsoang mehloling ea molao le ka mabaka a utloahalang, e ka nkoa e le molao. Leha ho le joalo, haeba e sebelisoa ho fetisetsa chelete e fumanoeng ka mekhoa e seng molaong kapa bakeng sa mesebetsi e seng molaong, joalo ka ho qhekella chelete, ho tšehetsa lichelete tsa bokhukhuni, kapa ho qoba lekhetho, ha e molaong tlasa melao ea UAE. Ba boholong ba shebile marang-rang a Hawala ka hloko ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho latela melaoana e khahlanong le bosholu ba lichelete le melaoana ea lichelete tse khahlano le bokhukhuni.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore le ha Hawala ka boeona e se molaong, UAE e na le melaoana e thata ho loants'a ts'ebeliso e mpe ea litsamaiso tsa phetisetso ea chelete ka sepheo se seng molaong. Batho ka bomong le likhoebo ba eletsoa ho ba hlokolosi le ho etsa litšebelisano tsa lichelete ka likanale tse nang le laesense le tse laoloang ho qoba litlamorao tse ka bang teng tsa molao.

Mefuta ea linyeoe tsa ho lahla chelete UAE

UAE e bone mefuta e fapaneng ea linyeoe tsa tšebeliso e mpe ea chelete tse amang batho ka bomong le mekhatlo e etsang mesebetsi e seng molaong. Mona ke mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng ea linyeoe tsa tšebeliso ea chelete e bonoang UAE:

1. Real Estate-Related Money Laundering: Sena se akarelletsa ho reka le ho rekisa thepa ho sebelisoa chelete e nkiloeng mehloling e seng molaong, e kang ho rekisa lithethefatsi, bomenemene kapa bobolu.
2. Khoebo-Thehiloeng Chelete Laundering: Mofuta ona oa tšubuhlellano o kenyelletsa tlhahiso e fosahetseng ea theko, bongata, kapa boleng ba thepa ho tsoa ho tsoa kapa ho tsoa kantle ho naha ho fetisetsa lichelete tse seng molaong ho tšela meeli.
3. Bokhopo ba Chelete ka Bongata: Sena se kopanyelletsa ho tsamaisa chelete e ngata ho tšela meeli, hangata e patoa ka likoloi, thoto, kapa mekhoa e meng, ho qoba litlhoko tsa tlaleho le ho pata mohloli oa chelete.
4. Tšebeliso ea chelete e thehiloeng ho Shell Company: Tabeng ea mofuta ona, batho kapa mekhatlo e theha lik'hamphani tsa fake kapa shell ho pata botho ba 'nete le mohloli oa lichelete, le ho fana ka tšireletso e bonahalang e le molaong bakeng sa litšebelisano tse seng molaong.
5. Tšebeliso e Mpe ea Mekhoa ea Phetiso ea Boleng e sa Lebelloang (IVTS) joalo ka Hawala: Linyeoe tse ling li ama tšebeliso ea litsamaiso tsa phetiso ea chelete tse sa reroang joalo ka Hawala ho tsamaisa lichelete tse seng molaong lefatšeng ka bophara, ho nka monyetla oa ho se be le mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa lichelete.
6. Chelete ea Chelete e thehiloeng ho Cryptocurrency: Ka ts'ebeliso e ntseng e eketseha ea li-cryptocurrensets, linyeoe tse ling li kenyelletsa ts'ebeliso ea thepa ea dijithale ho pata motsamao le tšimoloho ea lichelete tse seng molaong, ho sebelisa hampe ho se tsejoe le ho aroloa ha mesebetsi ena.
7. Ho qhekella ka Li-Casino le Mekhatlo ea Lipapali: Maemong a mang, lik'hasino le libaka tsa lipapali li 'nile tsa sebelisoa ho fapanyetsana chelete e ngata bakeng sa lichipisi kapa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa lichelete, e leng ho patang mohloli oa lichelete.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore merero ea ho qhekella chelete e ka ba e rarahaneng le ho fetoha ha nako e ntse e feta, hangata e kenyelletsa mekhoa le litsela tse fapaneng. Mehato e sebetsang e khahlano le tšebeliso e mpe ea chelete, meralo e matla ea taolo, le tšebelisano ea machaba li bohlokoa ho loants'eng liketso tsena tsa botlokotsebe UAE.

Molao oa Anti Money Laundering ke ofe ho UAE?

Molao o Khahlanong le Tšebeliso e Ntle ea Chelete naheng ea UAE o laoloa ke Federal Law No. 20 of 2018 on Anti-Chelete Laundering and Combating The Financing of Terrorism. Molao ona o akaretsang o hlalosa le ho etsa hore liketso tsa tšebeliso e mpe ea chelete e be tlōlo ea molao, o hlakisa mehato e tiileng ea ho loantša ho tšehetsa lichelete tsa bokhukhuni, le ho theha moralo o matla oa taolo.

Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa Molao oa Anti-Chelete Laundering ho UAE li kenyelletsa:

1. Tlhaloso ea Tšebeliso ea Lichelete: E hlalosa ka ho hlaka ho sebelisa chelete e le ho pata kapa ho pata lichelete tse tsoang mesebetsing e seng molaong.
2. Litlamo tsa ho Tlaleha: E hloka hore litsi tsa lichelete le likhoebo li kenye tšebetsong mehato ea AML/CFT, ho kenyeletsoa ho ba hlokolosi ha bareki, ho beha leihlo tšebetsong, le ho tlaleha liketso tse belaetsang.
3. Likotlo le Likotlo: E fana ka likotlo tse matla, tse kenyeletsang likotlo le ho koalloa chankaneng, bakeng sa ho se ikobele.
4. Ba boholong ba nang le Bokhoni: E laela hore ho thehoe ba boholong ba kang Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) ho hlokomela boiteko ba AML/CFT.
5. Tšebelisano-'moho ea Machaba: E thusa tšebelisano 'moho le ho arolelana tlhahisoleseling le linaha tse ling toants'ong ea bosholu ba chelete le ho tšehetsa lichelete tsa bokhukhuni.

Likotlo tse phahameng ka ho fetesisa bakeng sa likahlolo tsa ho qhekella chelete ho UAE ke life?

UAE's Anti-Chelete Laundering Law e fana ka likotlo tse matla ho batho ka bomong le mekhatlo e fumanoeng ba le molato oa ho sebelisa chelete hampe. Likotlo tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa liqoso tsa tšebeliso ea chelete UAE ke tse latelang:

1. Ho koalloa chankaneng:
   • Bakeng sa batho ka bomong: Ho fihlela lilemo tse 10 teronkong.
   • Bakeng sa batsamaisi kapa baemeli ba mekhatlo ea molao: Ho fihla ho lilemo tse 15 teronkong.
2. Lichelete:
   • Bakeng sa batho ka bomong: Tefiso e sa feteng AED 5 milione (hoo e ka bang $ 1.36 milione).
   • Bakeng sa mekhatlo ea molao: Tefiso e sa feteng AED 50 milione (hoo e ka bang $ 13.6 milione).

Ntle le likotlo tsena, batho kapa mekhatlo e ahlotsoeng e ka 'na ea tobana le:

• Ho nkuoa ha lichelete, thepa, kapa lisebelisoa tse amanang le tlolo ea molao ea tšebeliso e mpe ea chelete.
• Ho qhaloa kapa ho koaloa ha nakoana kapa ka ho sa feleng ha mokhatlo oa molao o amehang tlolong ea molao.
• Phatlalatso ea kahlolo ea lekhotla likoranteng tse peli tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa lehae ka litšenyehelo tsa motho ea ahlotsoeng.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore likotlo tsena li emela kotlo e phahameng ka ho fetisisa e behiloeng ke molao. Kahlolo ea 'nete e ka fapana ho latela maemo a itseng a nyeoe, ho teba ha tlolo ea molao, le lintlha tse ling tse fokotsang kapa tse mpefatsang.

UAE e nka boemo bo tiileng khahlano le ts'ebetso ea bosholu ba chelete, 'me likotlo tsena tse matla li bonts'a boitlamo ba naha ba ho thibela le ho loants'a litlolo tsa molao tsa lichelete ka har'a matla a eona.

Na ho na le Litokisetso life kapa life tse Khethehileng tsa Tlhōlisano ea Chelete tse amanang le Botlokotsebe bo Hlophisitsoeng kapa Lichelete tsa Bokhukhuni?

Ee, Molao oa Anti-Chelete oa UAE o kenyelletsa lipehelo tse khethehileng tsa litlolo tsa molao tsa tšebeliso e mpe ea chelete tse amanang le botlokotsebe bo hlophisitsoeng kapa lichelete tsa bokhukhuni:

1. Likotlo tse Matla bakeng sa Botlokotsebe bo Hlophisitsoeng: Haeba tlolo ea molao ea tšebeliso ea chelete e etsoa ka har'a moralo oa sehlopha sa botlokotsebe se hlophisitsoeng, kotlo e phahameng ea chankana e tla eketsoa ka karolo e boletsoeng.
2. Ho Qhala Lichelete tsa Bokhukhuni: Molao o qosa ho tšehetsa lichelete tsa bokhukhuni le mekhatlo ea likhukhuni. Motho leha e le ofe eo ka boomo a bokellang, a fetisetsang kapa a fanang ka chelete kapa thepa ka morero oa ho e sebelisetsa liketso tsa bokhukhuni a ka ahloleloa ho koalloa chankaneng nako e telele le ho lefisoa chelete e ngata.
3. Tšebelisano ea Machabeng: Molao ona o nolofatsa tšebelisano ea machaba le ho arolelana tlhahisoleseding le linaha tse ling le matla a ho loantša bokhukhuni ba lichelete, tlōlo ea molao e hlophisitsoeng, le ho tšehetsa lichelete tsa bokhukhuni. Sena se kenyelletsa litokisetso tsa ho khutlisetsoa naheng le ho thusana ka molao.
4. Likotlollo tsa Lichelete tse Lebeletsoeng: UAE e kentse ts'ebetsong likotlo tsa lichelete tse lebisitsoeng ho batho ka bomong le mekhatlo e khethiloeng ke Lekhotla la Tšireletso la Machaba a Kopaneng kapa mekhatlo e meng e amehang ea machaba e amehang licheleteng tsa bokhukhuni kapa tse amanang le mekhatlo ea likhukhuni.

Litokisetso tsena tse khethehileng li totobatsa boitlamo ba UAE ba ho loants'a lichelete tsa bokhukhuni le botlokotsebe bo hlophisitsoeng, tse behang litšokelo tse kholo ho ts'ireletso ea naha le lefats'e. Likotlo tse matla le mehato e matlafalitsoeng ea tšebelisano-'moho ea machaba e ikemiselitse ho sitisa le ho felisa liketso tsena tse seng molaong le marang-rang a tsona a lichelete.

Litlhoko tsa Bohlokoa tsa Tumellano ea AML Bakeng sa Likhoebo tsa UAE

UAE's Anti-Chelete Laundering Law e beha litlhokahalo tse 'maloa tsa boikamahanyo likhoebong tse sebetsang ka hare ho naha. Litlhoko tsa bohlokoa tsa ho latela melao ea AML bakeng sa likhoebo tsa UAE ke tsena:

1. ngodiso: Ngoliso e tlamang ka goAML portal bakeng sa FIs le DNFBPs.
2. Ofisiri ea Boikamahanyo ea AML: Kgetha ofisiri e inehetseng ho okamela lenaneo la AML.
3. Lenaneo la AML: Theha maano le lits'ebetso tse felletseng tsa KYC, tlhahlobo ea transaction, taolo ea likotsi, le tlaleho.
4. Mokhoa o Thehiloeng Kotsing: Tailor AML lenaneo ho ea ka boholo ba khoebo, tlhaho, le likotsi tsa tlhaho.
5. Tlhokomelo e Lebeletsoeng ea Bareki (CDD): Etsa tlhahlobo ea KYC ka botlalo, ho kenyeletsoa le netefatso ea boitsebiso le boitsebahatso ba botho bo molemo.
6. Maemo a Ntlafetseng (EDD): Sebelisa mehato e meng bakeng sa bareki ba kotsing e kholo joalo ka li-PEP.
7. Tlhokomelo ea transaction: Lekola mesebetsi e belaetsang.
8. Tlaleho ea Ketsahalo e belaetsang: Tlaleha litšebelisano tse belaetsang ho Lekala la Bohlale ba Lichelete (FIU).
9. Ho boloka Rekoto: Boloka lirekoto tsa bareki le tsa transaction bonyane lilemo tse 5.
10. Koetliso ea Basebetsi: Fana ka koetliso ea kamehla ea AML/CFT ho basebetsi.
11. Tlhahlobo e Ikemetseng: Etsa tlhahlobo ea khafetsa ea lenaneo la AML/CFT.
12. Tšebelisano le Ba boholong: Sebelisana le ba boholong le ho fana ka lintlha tse hlokahalang.

Ho hloleha ho ikamahanya le litlhokahalo tsena ho ka fella ka likotlo tse matla, ho kenyeletsoa likotlo, ho koalloa chankaneng, le ho hlakoloa ha lilaesense kapa ho koaloa ha khoebo. Likhoebo tse sebetsang UAE li tlameha ho etelletsa melao ea AML pele ho fokotsa likotsi le ho boloka botšepehi ba tsamaiso ea lichelete.

Lifolakha tse khubelu ke eng ho AML?

Lifolakha tse khubelu li bua ka matšoao a sa tloaelehang a bonts'ang ts'ebetso e kanna ea ba e seng molaong e hlokang lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng. Lifolakha tse khubelu tsa AML tse tloaelehileng li amana le:

Boitšoaro ba Bareki bo belaetsang

• Lekunutu mabapi le boitsebiso kapa ho se ikemisetse ho fana ka tlhahisoleseding
• Ho tsilatsila ho fana ka lintlha tse mabapi le tlhaho le morero oa khoebo
• Liphetoho tse etsahalang khafetsa le tse sa hlalosoang mabapi le ho khetholla tlhahisoleseling
• Liteko tse belaetsang tsa ho qoba litlhoko tsa ho tlaleha

Lits'ebetso tsa Kotsi e Phahameng

• Litefiso tsa bohlokoa tsa chelete ntle le tšimoloho e hlakileng ea lichelete
• Litšebelisano le mekhatlo e libakeng tse kotsi haholo
• Mehaho e rarahaneng e patang botho ba molemo
• Boholo bo sa tloaelehang kapa khafetsa bakeng sa boemo ba bareki

Maemo a sa Tloaelehang

• Lichelete tse haelloang ke tlhaloso e utloahalang/mabaka a moruo
• Ho se lumellane le mesebetsi e tloaelehileng ea moreki
• Ho se tloaele lintlha tsa transaction e entsoeng molemong oa motho

Lifolakha tse khubelu ho Boemo ba UAE

UAE e tobane le maemo a khethehileng likotsi tsa ho senya chelete ho tsoa ho phallo ea chelete e ngata, khoebo ea khauta, thekiso ea thekiso ea matlo joalo-joalo. Lifolakha tse ling tse khubelu li kenyelletsa:

Chelete Transactions

• Li-depositi, phapanyetsano kapa ho hula chelete ka AED 55,000
• Litšebetso tse ngata tse ka tlase ho moeli ho qoba ho tlaleha
• Ho reka lisebelisoa tsa chelete joalo ka licheke tsa baeti ntle le merero ea maeto
• Ho belaelloang ho ameha ho ho qhekella UAE

Lichelete tsa Khoebo

• Bareki ba bonts'ang ho tšoenyeha ho fokolang ka litefo, likomishene, litokomane tsa khoebo, jj.
• Tlaleho e fosahetseng ea lintlha tsa thepa le litsela tsa thomello
• Ho se lumellane ho hoholo ka bongata ba thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha kapa boleng

Thekiso ea matlo

• Lithekiso tsa chelete eohle, haholo-holo ka ho fetisetsa chelete ho tsoa libankeng tsa kantle ho naha
• Litšebelisano le mekhatlo ea molao eo botho ba eona bo ke keng ba netefatsoa
• Litheko tsa ho reka tse sa lumellaneng le litlaleho tsa boleng
• Theko le thekiso ea nako e le 'ngoe lipakeng tsa mekhatlo e amanang

Khauta/Mabenyane

• Ho reka hangata ka chelete ea lintho tsa boleng bo holimo bakeng sa ho rekisoa hape
• Ho tsilatsila ho fana ka bopaki ba tšimoloho ea lichelete
• Theko/thekiso ntle le phaello ea phaello ho sa tsotellehe boemo ba morekisi

Tlhahiso ea Khampani

• Motho ka mong ea tsoang naheng e kotsing e kholo ea batlang ho theha k'hamphani ea lehae kapele
• Pherekano kapa ho tsilatsila ho bua ka lintlha tsa mesebetsi e reriloeng
• Likopo tsa ho thusa ho pata meaho ea botho

Liketso ho Araba Lifolakha tse khubelu

Likhoebo li lokela ho nka mehato e utloahalang ha li bona lifolakha tse khubelu tsa AML tse ka bang teng:

Maemo a Ntlafetseng (EDD)

Bokella lintlha tse ling mabapi le moreki, mohloli oa lichelete, mofuta oa mesebetsi joalo-joalo. Bopaki bo eketsehileng ba ID bo ka 'na ba laeloa ho sa tsotellehe kamohelo ea pele.

Tlhahlobo ka Ofisiri ea Boikarabelo

Ofisiri ea melao ea AML ea k'hamphani e lokela ho lekola ho nepahala ha maemo le ho etsa qeto ea liketso tse loketseng.

Litlaleho tse belaetsang tsa Transaction (STRs)

Haeba ts'ebetso e bonahala e belaetsa ho sa tsotellehe EDD, kenya STR ho FIU nakong ea matsatsi a 30. Li-STR lia hlokahala ho sa tsotelehe boleng ba transaction haeba ts'ebeliso ea chelete e tseba kapa e belaelloa ka mokhoa o utloahalang. Likotlo li sebetsa bakeng sa ho se tlalehe.

Liketso tse thehiloeng ho Kotsi

Mehato e joalo ka tlhahlobo e ntlafalitsoeng, ts'ebetso e thibelang, kapa likamano tsa ho tsoa li ka nahanoa ho ipapisitsoe le maemo a itseng. Leha ho le joalo, ho hlakisa litaba tse mabapi le ho kenya li-STR ho thibetsoe ka molao.

Bohlokoa ba Tlhokomelo e Tsoelang Pele

Ka mekhoa e ntseng e tsoela pele ea ho qhekella ha chelete le mekhoa ea ho tšehetsa lichelete tsa likhukhuni, tlhahlobo e tsoelang pele le ho falimeha ho bohlokoa.

Mehato e kang:

• Ho hlahloba lits'ebeletso/lihlahisoa tse ncha bakeng sa bofokoli
• Ho nchafatsa likarolo tsa likotsi tsa bareki
• Tekolo ea nako le nako ea litsamaiso tse belaetsang tsa ho beha leihlo mesebetsi
• Ho sekaseka litšebelisano le liprofaele tsa bareki
• Ho bapisa mesebetsi le metheo ea lithaka kapa indasteri
• Tlhokomelo e itirisang ea manane a likotlo le li-PEP

kgontsha ho tsebahatsa lifolakha tse khubelu pele mathata a eketseha.

fihlela qeto e

Ho bohlokoa ho utloisisa matšoao a ts'ebetso e seng molaong e ka bang teng Ho lumellana le AML naheng ea UAE. Lifolakha tse khubelu tse amanang le boitšoaro bo sa tloaelehang ba bareki, mekhoa e belaetsang ea transaction, boholo ba transaction bo sa lumellaneng le maemo a lekeno, le matšoao a mang a thathamisitsoeng mona a lokela ho fana ka bopaki bo eketsehileng.

Le hoja linyeoe tse tobileng li laola liketso tse loketseng, ho hlokomoloha ho tšoenyeha ho ka ba le liphello tse tebileng. Ntle le litlamorao tsa lichelete le botumo, melaoana e thata ea AML ea UAE e beha melato ea sechaba le ea botlokotsebe bakeng sa ho se ikobele.

Kahoo ho bohlokoa hore likhoebo li sebelise taolo e lekaneng le ho netefatsa hore basebetsi ba koetlisoa ho lemoha le ho arabela ka nepo ho Lipontšo tsa Letšoao le Lefubelu ho AML.