Ukuthutyeleziswa kwemali okanye iHawala kwi-UAE: Ziziphi iiFlegi eziBomvu kwi-AML?

Ukuxhaphaza imali okanye iHawala kwi-UAE

Ukuchithwa kwemali okanye iHawala kwi-UAE ligama eliqhelekileyo elisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwindlela abaphuli-mthetho abangazifihli ngayo umthombo wemali. 

imali iimpahla nabanqolobi ukuxhaswa ngezimali songela uzinzo lwezoqoqosho kunye nokubonelela ngemali kwimisebenzi engekho mthethweni. Yiyo loo nto ibanzi anti-money laundering (AML) imimiselo ibalulekile. I-United Arab Emirates (UAE) inemithetho engqongqo ye-AML, kwaye ibalulekile loo nto shishini kunye namaziko emali asebenza kweli lizwe aqonda izikhombisi zeflegi ebomvu ukufumanisa iintengiselwano ezikrokrisayo.

Yintoni ukuthutyeleziswa kwemali?

Ukurhwaphiliza imali ibandakanya ukufihla imvelaphi yemali engekho mthethweni ngokusetyenziswa kwemali entsonkothileyo. Le nkqubo yenza ukuba abaphuli-mthetho basebenzise imali “emdaka” yolwaphulo-mthetho ngokuwafaka kumashishini asemthethweni. Inokukhokelela ekubeni nzima imali ngokungekho mthethweni isohlwayo ku uae kuquka izohlwayo ezinkulu kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokurhweba ngemali ziquka:

• Ukulungisa iidiphozithi zemali ukuphepha ukuxela imida
• Ukusebenzisa iinkampani zamaqokobhe okanye imida ukufihla ubunini
• I-Smurfing - ukwenza iintlawulo ezincinci ezininzi vs enye enkulu
• Ukurhweba ngemali ngokungekho mthethweni kusetyenziswa ii-invoyisi ezikhutshiweyo njl.njl.

Ishiywe ingajongwanga, ukuthutyeleziswa kwemali ludodobalisa uqoqosho kwaye luvumele ubunqolobi, ukuthengiswa kweziyobisi, urhwaphilizo, ukuphepha irhafu kunye nolunye ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Imithetho ye-AML kwi-UAE

The I-UAE ibeka phambili umlo wokulwa nolwaphulo-mthetho lwezemali. Imigaqo ephambili ibandakanya:

• Federal Law No. 20 of 2018 on AML
• IBhanki ePhakamileyo yokuLwa ukuThutyeleziswa kweMali kunye nokuNgxothwa kweMali yobunqolobi kunye noLawulo loMbutho ongekho mthethweni.
• IsiGqibo seKhabhinethi esinguNombolo 38 sowama-2014 malunga noLawulo loLuhlu lwabanqolobi
• Ezinye izisombululo ezixhasayo nezikhokelo ezivela kumaqumrhu alawulayo afana ne IYunithi yoBuntlola kwezeMali (FIU) kunye nenkonzo

Le mimiselo ibeka izibophelelo malunga nokunyameka komthengi, ukugcinwa kweerekhodi, ukunika ingxelo yentengiselwano ekrokrisayo, ukuphumeza iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuthobela kunye nokunye.

Ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela isohlwayo kubandakanya izohlwayo eziqatha kubandakanywa izohlwayo eziqatha eziya kuthi ga kwi-AED 5 yezigidi kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni.

Ziziphi iiflegi eziBomvu kwi-AML?

Iiflegi ezibomvu zibhekisa kwizalathisi ezingaqhelekanga ezibonisa isenzo esinokuba ngekho mthethweni esifuna uphando olongezelelweyo. Iiflegi ezibomvu ze-AML eziqhelekileyo zinxulumene noku:

Ukuziphatha koMthengi okukrokrisayo

• Imfihlo malunga nesazisi okanye ukungafuni ukubonelela ngolwazi
• Ukungafuni ukubonelela ngeenkcukacha malunga nendalo kunye nenjongo yeshishini
• Ukutshintsha rhoqo kunye nokungachazwanga ekuchongeni ulwazi
• Iinzame ezikrokrisayo zokuthintela iimfuno zokuxela

IiNtengiselwano zoMngcipheko ophezulu

• Iintlawulo zemali ezibalulekileyo ngaphandle kwemvelaphi ecacileyo yemali
• Iintengiselwano namaqumrhu akwindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu
• Ulwakhiwo lwezivumelwano ezintsonkothileyo ezigquma ubunini obuluncedo
• Ubungakanani obungaqhelekanga okanye ukuphindaphindwa kweprofayile yomthengi

Iimeko ezingaqhelekanga

• Iintengiselwano ziswele ingcaciso ebambekayo/ingqiqo yezoqoqosho
• Ukungahambelani nemisebenzi yesiqhelo yabathengi
• Ukungaqhelani neenkcukacha zentengiselwano ezenziwe egameni lomntu

Iiflegi eziBomvu kumxholo we-UAE

I-UAE ijongene ngqo imali ngokungekho mthethweni imingcipheko ukusuka kujikelezo lwemali ephezulu, urhwebo lwegolide, ukuthengiselana ngezindlu nokunye. Ezinye iiflegi ezibomvu eziphambili ziquka:

IiNtengiselwano zemali

• Idiphozithi, utshintshiselwano okanye ukuhoxiswa kwe-AED 55,000
• Iintengiselwano ezininzi ngezantsi komqobo ukunqanda ukunika ingxelo
• Ukuthengwa kwezixhobo zemali ezinjengokukhangela abahambi ngaphandle kwezicwangciso zokuhamba
• Kurhaneleka ukubandakanyeka kwi inkohliso kwi-UAE

Imali yoRhwebo

• Abathengi ababonisa inkxalabo encinci malunga neentlawulo, iikhomishini, amaxwebhu orhwebo, njl.
• Ingxelo yobuxoki yeenkcukacha zempahla kunye neendlela zokuthutha
• Ukungangqinelani okubonakalayo kwixabiso lokungenisa / ukuthumela ngaphandle okanye amaxabiso

Izindlu ezithengiswayo

• Intengiso yemali yonke, ingakumbi ngokugqithiselwa ngeengcingo ezisuka kwiibhanki zangaphandle
• Iintengiselwano namaqumrhu asemthethweni ubunini bungenakuqinisekiswa
• Amaxabiso okuthenga awahambelani neengxelo zoqingqo-maxabiso
• Ukuthenga kunye neentengiso phakathi kwamaqumrhu anxulumeneyo

Igolide / ubucwebe

• Ukuthengwa kweemali rhoqo kwezinto zexabiso eliphezulu ekucingelwa ukuba zithengiswe kwakhona
• Ukuthandabuza ukunika ubungqina bemvelaphi yemali
• Ukuthenga/ukuthengisa ngaphandle kwemida yenzuzo nangona imeko yomthengisi

Ukwenziwa kweNkampani

• Umntu osuka kwilizwe elisemngciphekweni omkhulu ujonge ukuseka ngokukhawuleza inkampani yendawo
• Ukubhideka okanye ukungafuni ukuxoxa ngeenkcukacha zemisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo
• Izicelo zokunceda ukufihla izakhiwo zobunini

Izenzo zokuphendula kwiiFlegi eziBomvu

Amashishini kufuneka athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ekufumaneni iiflegi ezibomvu ze-AML:

Ukomelezwa koKukhuthala (EDD)

Qokelela ulwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nomthengi, umthombo wemali, ubunjani bemisebenzi njl.njl. Ubungqina obongezelelweyo besazisi bunokugunyaziswa nangona samkelwe okokuqala.

Uphononongo lweGosa lokuThobela

Igosa lokuthobela i-AML yenkampani kufuneka livavanye ukufaneleka kwemeko kwaye limisele amanyathelo afanelekileyo.

IiNgxelo zeNtengiselwano eziSolisayo (STRs)

Ukuba umsebenzi ubonakala ukrokrela ngaphandle kwe-EDD, faka i-STR kwi-FIU phakathi kweentsuku ze-30. Ii-STR ziyafuneka kungakhathaliseki ixabiso lentengiselwano ukuba ukuthutyeleziswa kwemali kuyaziwa okanye kukrokrelwa ngokufanelekileyo. Izohlwayo zisebenza ngokungaxeli.

Iintshukumo eziSekwe kuMngcipheko

Imilinganiselo efana nokwandiswa kohlolo, uthintelo lomsebenzi, okanye ukuphuma kobudlelwane kunokuqwalaselwa ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, ukunika iingcebiso ngezifundo malunga nokufayilishwa kwee-STR akuvumelekanga ngokusemthethweni.

Ukubaluleka kokuBekw'esweni okuQhubekayo

Ngokuguquguquka kokuthutyeleziswa kwemali kunye nobuchule benkxaso-mali yobunqolobi, ukujonga intengiselwano eqhubekayo kunye nokuqaphela kubalulekile.

Amanyathelo afana nala:

• Ukuphonononga iinkonzo ezintsha/iimveliso zobuthathaka
• Ukuhlaziya ukuhlelwa komngcipheko wabathengi
• Uvandlakanyo lwarhoqo lweenkqubo zokubeka iliso ezikrokrisayo
• Ukuhlalutya ukuthengiselana ngokuchasene neeprofayili zabathengi
• Ukuthelekisa imisebenzi nesiseko soontanga okanye ishishini
• Ukujongwa okuzenzekelayo koluhlu lwezohlwayo kunye neePEPs

Yenza ukuchongwa okusebenzayo kweeflegi ezibomvu phambi kokuba imiba iphindaphindeke.

isiphelo

Ukuqondwa kwezalathi zentshukumo enokwenzeka engekho mthethweni kubalulekile Ukuthotyelwa kwe-AML kwi-UAE. Iiflegi ezibomvu ezinxulumene nokuziphatha okungaqhelekanga kwabathengi, iipateni zentengiselwano ezikrokrelekayo, ubungakanani bentengiselwano obungahambelaniyo namanqanaba engeniso, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezidweliswe apha kufuneka ziqinisekise uphando olongezelelweyo.

Ngelixa iimeko ezithile zigqiba amanyathelo afanelekileyo, ukukhupha iinkxalabo ngaphandle kwesandla kunokuba neziphumo ezibi. Ngaphandle kweempembelelo zemali kunye nodumo, imigaqo ye-AML engqongqo ye-UAE ibeka uxanduva loluntu nolwaphulo-mthetho lokungathobeli.

Kungoko kubalulekile ukuba amashishini aphumeze ulawulo olululo kwaye aqinisekise ukuba abasebenzi baqeqeshelwe ukuqaphela nokuphendula ngokufanelekileyo kwiZalathi zeNxweme eBomvu kwi-AM.