Umthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho e-Dubai okanye i-UAE lisebe lomthetho elibandakanya onke amatyala kunye ulwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe ngumntu ngokuchasene norhulumente. Injongo yalo kukubeka ngokucacileyo umda wento ethathwa njengengamkelekanga kurhulumente nakuluntu.
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) ineyodwa inkqubo yomthetho leyo ivela kwindibaniselwano ye Umthetho wamaSilamsi (Sharia)., kunye neminye imiba ye umthetho woluntu kwaye umthetho oxhaphakile izithethe. Ulwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezenzo ezigwenxa kwi-UAE ziwela phantsi kweendidi ezintathu eziphambili - ukuchasana, ukuziphatha kakubi, kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho – ngokuhlelwa ngokweendidi kumisela amandla izohlwayo nezohlwayo.
Sinikezela ngesishwankathelo semiba ephambili ye-UAE umthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho inkqubo, kuquka:
- Ulwaphulo-mthetho oluqhelekileyo kunye namatyala
- Iindidi zezohlwayo
- Inkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho
- Amalungelo omtyholwa
- Ingcebiso kwiindwendwe kunye nabangaphandle
Umthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho wase-UAE
I-UAE inkqubo yomthetho ibonisa izithethe zenkcubeko nezenkolo ezimiliselwe kwimbali yelizwe nakwilifa lamaSilamsi. Ii-arhente zogcino-mthetho ezifana ne Mapolisa zijolise ekukhuthazeni ukhuseleko loluntu ngelixa kuhlonitshwa amasiko nezithethe zasekuhlaleni.
- Imigaqo yeSharia ukusuka kwimithetho yamaSilamsi inempembelelo kwimithetho emininzi, ngakumbi malunga nokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha.
- Iinkalo ze umthetho woluntu ukusuka kwiinkqubo zamaFrentshi kunye nezamaJiphutha zibumba imimiselo yorhwebo kunye neyasekuhlaleni.
- Imigaqo ye umthetho oxhaphakile kuchaphazela inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho, ukutshutshisa, kunye namalungelo omtyholwa.
Inkqubo yobulungisa enesiphumo ibandakanya izinto zesithethe ngasinye, ezilungelelaniswe nesazisi sesizwe esisodwa se-UAE.
Imigaqo engundoqo esekelwe kumthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho ibandakanya:
- Ukucingelwa ukuba umsulwa – Umtyholwa uthathwa njengomsulwa de ubungqina bubonakalise ubutyala ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo afanelekileyo.
- Ilungelo lomcebisi wezomthetho – Umtyholwa unelungelo kwigqwetha lokuzikhusela ngokwasemthethweni ngalo lonke ixesha lokuxoxwa kwetyala.
- Izohlwayo ezinomlinganiselo – Izigwebo zijolise ukulungelelanisa ubungqongqo kunye neemeko zolwaphulo-mthetho.
Izohlwayo ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho olumandundu zinokuba nzima ngokwemigaqo ye-Sharia, kodwa ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nobulungisa bokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kugxininiswa ngakumbi.
Iindidi eziphambili zoLwaphulo-mthetho noLwaphulo-mthetho
The Ikhowudi yePenal ye-UAE ichaza uluhlu olubanzi lweendlela zokuziphatha ezithathwa njengezolwaphulo-mthetho. Iindidi eziphambili ziquka:
Ubundlobongela/Ulwaphulo-mthetho lobuqu
- uhlaselo -Ukuhlaselwa ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ukoyikisa omnye umntu
- Ukuphanga – Ukubiwa kwempahla ngokusebenzisa amandla okanye ukoyikisa
- Bulala – Ukubulala umntu ngokungekho mthethweni
- Ukudlwengula – Ukwabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwemvumelwano
- Ukuthunjwa – Ukubamba nokumvalela umntu ngokungekho mthethweni
Property Crimes
- Ubusela – Ukuthatha impahla ngaphandle kwemvume yomnini
- Ukugqekeza – Ukungena ngokungekho mthethweni ukuba kwipropati
- I-Arson – Ukonakalisa okanye ukonakalisa ipropathi ngokutshisa ngabom
- Ukunyanzelwa – Ubusela asethi eziphathiswe ukhathalelo lomntu
Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwezeMali
- Ukukhwabanisa -Inkohliso yenzuzo engekho mthethweni (ii-invoyisi zomgunyathi, ubusela be-ID, njl.njl.)
- Ukurhwaphiliza imali – Ukufihla iimali ezifunyenwe ngokungekho mthethweni
- Ukophulwa kwentembelo – Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwepropathi ephathiswe wena ngokunganyanisekanga
I-cybercrimes
- inkampani -Ukufikelela ngokungekho mthethweni kwiinkqubo zekhompyutha okanye idatha
- Isazisi – Ukusebenzisa isazisi somnye umntu ukwenza ubuqhophololo
- Iimpawu ezikwi-Intanethi -Ukukhohlisa amaxhoba ukuba athumele imali okanye ulwazi
Ulwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumene neziyobisi
- Ukurhweba -Ukuthubelezisa izinto ezingekho mthethweni njengentsangu okanye iheroin
- Impahla – Ukuba neziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni, nakwimali encinci
- Ukusetyenziswa – Ukuthatha izinto ezingekho mthethweni ngokuzonwabisa
Ukwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela
- Ukukhawuleza – Ukodlula isantya esimiselweyo
- Ukuqhuba okuyingozi -Ukuqhuba izithuthi ngokungakhathali, kubeka emngciphekweni wokwenzakala
- UMTHETHO – Ukuqhuba uphantsi kweempembelelo zeziyobisi okanye utywala
Olunye ulwaphulo-mthetho lubandakanya izenzo ezichasene nesidima esidlangalaleni njengokunxila esidlangalaleni, imikhwa yobudlelwane efana nokuthandana ngaphandle komtshato, kunye nezenzo ezithathwa njengokungahloniphi inkolo okanye iinqobo zenkcubeko zengingqi.
Abangaphandle, abakhenkethi, kunye nabatyeleli nabo bahlala besenza izinto ezingeyonjongo amatyala olawulo loluntu, ngokufuthi ngenxa yokungaqondani ngokwenkcubeko okanye ukunqongophala kolwazi ngemithetho yasekuhlaleni nezithethe.
Izohlwayo kunye nezohlwayo
Izohlwayo zolwaphulo-mthetho zijolise ekulinganeni ubungqongqo kunye nenjongo emva kolwaphulo-mthetho. Izigwebo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezinokubakho ziquka:
Iintlawulo
Ukwandiswa kwezohlwayo zemali ngokusekelwe kulwaphulo-mthetho neemeko:
- Izohlwayo zendlela ezincinci zamakhulu ambalwa eAED
- Iintlawulo zobuqhetseba ezinkulu ezibangela izohlwayo zamashumi amawaka e-AED
Izohlwayo zihlala zikhapha ezinye izohlwayo ezifana nokuvalelwa entolongweni okanye ukugxothwa.
Ukuvalelwa
Ubude bexesha lentolongo kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nezi:
- Uhlobo nobuzaza bolwaphulo-mthetho
- Ukusetyenziswa kobundlobongela okanye izixhobo
- Amatyala angaphambili kunye nembali yolwaphulo-mthetho
Ukuthengisa iziyobisi, ukudlwengula, ukuxhwila nokubulala kudla ngokukhokelela kwizigwebo zeminyaka emininzi entolongweni. I Ukohlwaywa ngenxa yokuBetment okanye ukuncedisa ekwenzeni olu lwaphulo-mthetho nako kunokukhokelela ekuvalelweni.
Ukufuduswa
Abangengabo abemi abafunyenwe benetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho banokugxothwa kwaye bavalwe kwi-UAE ixesha elide okanye ubomi.
Isohlwayo seNgqesho kunye neNkunzi
- Ukuhlahlela - Ukubetha njengesohlwayo ngenxa yezono zokuziphatha phantsi komthetho weSharia
- Ukuxulutywa ngamatye – Ayifane isetyenziswe kwizigwebo zokukrexeza
- Isigwebo sentambo – Ukubulawa kumatyala okubulala kakhulu
Ezi zigwebo ziphikisanayo zibonisa iziseko zenkqubo yezomthetho ye-UAE kumthetho wamaSilamsi. Kodwa azifane ziphunyezwe xa zisenziwa.
Amanyathelo okubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili abonelela ngeengcebiso kunye noqeqesho lomsebenzi wezandla ukunciphisa ukuphinda ulwaphulo-mthetho emva kokukhululwa. Izohlwayo ezingezizo elugcinweni ezifana nenkonzo yoluntu zijolise ekuhlanganiseni izaphuli-mthetho eluntwini.
Inkqubo yeNkqubo yoBulungisa kuLwaphulo-mthetho
Inkqubo yobulungisa ye-UAE ibandakanya iinkqubo ezibanzi ukusuka kwiingxelo zokuqala zamapolisa ukuya amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kunye nezibheno. Amanyathelo angundoqo aquka:
- UkuFaka Isikhalazo – Amaxhoba okanye amangqina axela ngokusesikweni izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho emapoliseni
- Uphando – Amapolisa aqokelela ubungqina kwaye akhe ifayile yetyala kubatshutshisi
- Intshutshiso - Amagqwetha karhulumente avavanya izityholo kwaye axoxe ngokugwetywa
- ityala - Abagwebi bava iingxoxo kunye nobungqina enkundleni ngaphambi kokukhupha izigwebo
- Ukugwetywa – Abamangalelwa abagwetyiweyo bafumana izohlwayo ezisekelwe kwizityholo
- Izibheno – Iinkundla eziphakamileyo zijongisisa kwaye zinokubhukuqa izigwebo
Kwinqanaba ngalinye, ummangalelwa unamalungelo okumelwa ngokusemthethweni kunye nenkqubo efanelekileyo njengoko kubhaliwe kumthetho we-UAE.
Amalungelo oMtyholwa
UMgaqo-siseko we-UAE uxhasa inkululeko yoluntu kunye namalungelo enkqubo efanelekileyo, kubandakanya:
- Ukucingelwa ukuba umsulwa – Umthwalo wobungqina uxhomekeke kumtshutshisi endaweni yommangalelwa
- Ukufikelela kwigqwetha – Ukumelwa ngokusemthethweni okunyanzelekileyo kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho
- Ilungelo lokutolika – Iinkonzo zoguqulo ziqinisekisiwe kubantu abangathethi isiArabhu
- Ilungelo lokubhena -Ithuba lokuphikisa izigwebo kwiinkundla eziphezulu
- Ukukhuselwa kuxhatshazo – Izibonelelo zoMgaqo-siseko ezichasene nokubanjwa okanye ukunyanzeliswa ngaphandle kwesizathu
Ukuhlonipha la malungelo kuthintela ukuvuma ubuxoki okanye ukunyanzelwa, kunceda ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ezifanelekileyo.
Ingcebiso yeeNdwendwe kunye neeExpats
Xa kujongwa izikhewu zenkcubeko kunye nemithetho engaqhelekanga, abakhenkethi kunye nabaphuma kumazwe angaphandle bahlala besenza ngokungeyonjongo ukwaphula okuncinci. Imiba eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:
- Ukunxila esidlangalaleni - Uhlawuliswa kakhulu kwaye uyalunyukiswa, okanye agxothwe
- Izenzo ezindilisekileyo -Indlela yokuziphatha engandilisekanga, isinxibo, imiboniso yothando esidlangalaleni
- Ukwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela -Imiqondiso rhoqo ngesiArabhu kuphela, izohlwayo zinyanzeliswa ngokungqongqo
- Amayeza kagqirha – Ukuthwala amayeza angawachazanga
Ukuba ubanjiwe okanye uhlawulisiwe, amanyathelo aphambili abandakanya:
- Hlala uzolile kwaye usebenzisane -Intsebenziswano enentlonipho ithintela ukunyuka
- Qhagamshelana ne-consulate/embassy – Yazisa amagosa anokunika uncedo
- Khusela uncedo lwezomthetho -Bonana namagqwetha afanelekileyo aqhelene nenkqubo ye-UAE
- Funda kwiimpazamo -Sebenzisa izixhobo zoqeqesho lwenkcubeko phambi kokuba uhambe
Ukulungiselela ngokucokisekileyo kunye nokwazisa kunceda iindwendwe ziphephe iingxaki zomthetho kumazwe angaphandle.
I-UAE ibeka phambili ucwangco loluntu kunye nokhuseleko ngenkqubo yezomthetho edibanisa izithethe zamaSilamsi kunye nomthetho woluntu. Ngelixa ezinye izohlwayo zibonakala ziqatha ngokwemigangatho yaseNtshona, ukubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili kunye nentlalontle yoluntu iya igxininiswa ngakumbi ngokuziphindezela.
Nangona kunjalo, izohlwayo ezinokuthi zibe qatha zithetha ukuba abakhenkethi kunye nabakhenkethi kufuneka balumke kunye novelwano lwenkcubeko. Ukuqonda imithetho kunye nezithethe ezizodwa kunceda ukuthintela iingxaki zomthetho. Ngentlonipho yobulumko yamaxabiso asekhaya, iindwendwe zinokonwabela ngokupheleleyo ububele kunye nezinto eziluncedo ze-UAE.
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Yintoni eyahlukileyo ngenkqubo yezomthetho ye-UAE xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe?
I-UAE idibanisa imiba yomthetho weSharia yamaSilamsi, umthetho wasekuhlaleni waseFransi/waseYiputa, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zomthetho eziqhelekileyo ezivela kwimpembelelo yaseBritane. Le nkqubo yemixube ibonisa ilifa lenkcubeko yelizwe nezinto eziphambili kule mihla.
Yeyiphi eminye imizekelo yolwaphulo-mthetho oluqhelekileyo lwabakhenkethi kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-UAE?
Abakhenkethi bahlala besenza izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho oluncinci olufana nokunxila esidlangalaleni, impahla engcolileyo, ukubonakalisa uthando esidlangalaleni, ukwaphulwa kwemithetho yendlela, kunye nokuthwala amayeza afana ne-narcotics.
Ndingenza ntoni ukuba ndibanjiwe okanye ndityholwa ngolwaphulo-mthetho eDubai okanye e-Abu Dhabi?
Hlala uzolile kwaye usebenzisane nabasemagunyeni. Khusela ukumelwa ngokusemthethweni ngoko nangoko-i-UAE ifuna amagqwetha kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kwaye ibavumele ukuba benze iimpazamo. Ngentlonipho landela imiyalelo yamapolisa kodwa wazi amalungelo akho.
Ngaba ndingasela utywala okanye ndibonise uthando loluntu kunye neqabane lam e-UAE?
Ukusela utywala kuthintelwe kakhulu. Yisebenzise ngokusemthethweni kuphela kwiindawo ezinelayisenisi ezifana neehotele kunye neeresityu. Ukuthandana koluntu kunye namaqabane othando nawo akuvumelekanga - ukunqanda ukudibanisa kwimimiselo yangasese.
Ulwaphulo-mthetho lunokuxelwa njani kunye nezikhalazo ezisemthethweni zifakwe kwabasemagunyeni e-UAE?
Ukuxela ulwaphulo-mthetho ngokusesikweni, faka isikhalazo kwisikhululo samapolisa sengingqi yakho. Amapolisa aseDubai, amaPolisa ase-Abu Dhabi, kunye nenombolo kaNgxamiseko ngokubanzi bonke bamkela izikhalazo ezisemthethweni zokuqalisa iinkqubo zobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho.
Yeyiphi eminye imizekelo ipropati & emali mthetho kunye nezohlwayo zabo kwi-UAE?
Ubuqhophololo, ukuxhaphaza imali, ubuqhophololo, ubusela, nokuqhekeza kudla ngokukhokelela kwizigwebo zentolongo + isohlwayo sokubuyiswa. I-Arson ithwala ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eli-15 entolongweni inikwa imingcipheko yomlilo kwizixeko ezixineneyo ze-UAE. Ulwaphulo-mthetho lwe-cyber lukhokelela kwisohlwayo, ukuthinjwa izixhobo, ukugxothwa okanye ukuvalelwa entolongweni.
Ngaba ndingawazisa amayeza am amiselweyo xa ndisiya eDubai okanye e-Abu Dhabi?
Ukuthwala amayeza angabhalwanga, kunye nemimiselo eqhelekileyo, ukugcinwa komngcipheko okanye iintlawulo kwi-UAE. Abatyeleli kufuneka baphande imimiselo ngocoselelo, bacele iimvume zokuhamba, kwaye bagcine imiyalelo kagqirha ikufutshane.
Ingakunceda njani iGqwetha lasekhaya le-UAE kwiTyala lakho loLwaphulo-mthetho
Njengoko kuchaziwe phantsi kweSiqendu 4 seMiqathango ngokubanzi Umthetho waseburhulumenteni uNombolo 35/1992, nawuphina umntu otyholwa ngolwaphulo mthetho lokuvalelwa ubomi entolongweni okanye ukusweleka kufuneka ancediswe ligqwetha elithembekileyo. Ukuba umntu ebengenako ukwenza njalo, inkundla iya kumchongela ibenye.
Ngokubanzi, umtshutshisi unelungelo elilodwa lokwenza uphando kwaye aqondise izityholo ngokwemiqathango yomthetho. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amatyala adweliswe kwi-Article 10 ye-Federal Law No. 35/1992 ayiludingi uncedo lomtshutshisi, kwaye ummangali angafaka isenzo ngokwakhe okanye ngokusebenzisa ummeli wakhe.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, e-Dubai okanye kwi-UAE, i-Advocate ye-Emirati efanelekayo kufuneka iyazi kakuhle isiArabhu kwaye inelungelo kubaphulaphuli; kungenjalo, bafuna uncedo lwetoliki emva kokuba benze isifungo. Okubalulekileyo kukuba izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ziphelelwa lixesha. Ukurhoxa okanye ukufa kwexhoba kuya kuphelisa isenzo solwaphulo-mthetho.
Uya kudinga a Igqwetha le-UAE onokukunceda ukuba uhambe ngendlela yakho kwinkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho ukuze ufumane ubulungisa obukufaneleyo. Kuba ngaphandle koncedo lwengqondo esemthethweni, umthetho awuzukunceda amaxhoba awudinga kakhulu.
Uthethwano lwakho olusemthethweni nathi luya kusinceda ukuba siqonde imeko yakho kunye nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo ujongene nezityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-UAE, sinokunceda.
Qhagamshelana nathi ukucwangcisa intlanganiso. Sinawona magqwetha abalaseleyo olwaphulo-mthetho eDubai okanye e-Abu Dhabi ukukunceda. Ukufumana ubulungisa bolwaphulo-mthetho eDubai kunokuba nzima. Udinga igqwetha lolwaphulo-mthetho elinolwazi kunye namava kwinkqubo yobulungisa kulwaphulo-mthetho yelizwe. NgeeFowuni ezingxamisekileyo + 971506531334 + 971558018669
