Izinhlobo Ezi-4 Zokukhohlisa Ezizokufaka Ebopheni
Umhlaba webhizinisi ugcwele ukukhwabanisa. NgokweQembu Elisebenzayo Elilwa Nobugebengu Bokweba imininingwane ebucayi, ngaphezu kuka-$1.5 billion ekulahlekeni kobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kwaqoshwa ngo-2012 kuphela. Ngeke uhlale uthemba abantu osebenza nabo, futhi ziningi izindlela abantu abangathembekile abangalimaza ngazo ibhizinisi lakho. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezine (4) ze Ukuqamba ukuqaphela.
I-UAE yaziwa njengezwe labantu abazimisele. Osomabhizinisi kanye nabatshalizimali ngokufanayo bangabeka engcupheni ukutshalwa kwezimali kwabo ukuze basungule amabhizinisi ukuze bathole i-Pasteur eluhlaza. Kodwa-ke, ukungena nokutshala imali ebhizinisini e-UAE kungaba nzima. Ngakho-ke, abaningi babo baba yizisulu zokuqiniswa kwemibhalo.
Nakuba ukukhohlisa kwebhizinisi kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, kusabalulekile kubaholi bamabhizinisi ukuthi balungiselele ukuthi bangakuvimbela kanjani futhi babhekane nakho uma sekwenzekile. I-Forgery inobudlelwano obuqondile namarekhodi ebhizinisi angaholela ekukhwabaniseni. Ikakhulukazi, umenzi wobubi angakha amadokhumenti angamanga noma mbumbulu, azosetshenziswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuqola inkampani.
Ngokuvamile, uma wenza iForgery e-UAE, ungabhekana namacala obugebengu abucayi. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi ulwazi lomuntu siqu lubaluleke kakhulu futhi lubalulekile kuhulumeni. Isijeziso sokukhohlisa imibhalo esemthethweni e-UAE siwukuboshwa kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya eminyakeni emithathu, okulandelwa ukuxoshwa ezweni. Amadokhumenti omgunyathi ahlanganisa amaphasipoti, amatayitela omhlaba, namarekhodi omshado.
Yini iForgery?
Umgunyathi inhloso yokuqola omunye futhi ukhiqize, uphathe, noma ukhiphe ikhophi eshintshiwe yedokhumenti noma isiginesha ngamabomu.
Ngokuvumelana ne-Article 216 ye-Federal Law No. 3/1987, Ukukhohlisa kuyisenzo noma ukungenzi okushintsha noma yiliphi ithuluzi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene ukuze kufakwe idokhumenti engamanga ngeyokuqala.
I-Forgery ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili: izinto ezibonakalayo nezokuziphatha. I-Material Forgery iwushintsho olubalulekile lwedokhumenti, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wengeza, uyasusa noma ushintsha idokhumenti yokuqala noma udala idokhumenti entsha ngokuphelele engabonwa ngomqondo, ikakhulukazi amehlo.
Nakuba, ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Moral Forgery iphathelene nalapho umgunyathi eshintsha incazelo noma okuqukethwe kodwa hhayi isihloko esibalulekile sedokhumenti.
I-Forgery ingase idwetshwe ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Umgunyathi——- 1. Inhloso yokuguqula noma ukwakha;
- Noma iyiphi insimbi ebhaliwe;
- Ukubangela ubandlululo komunye.
Ngokomthetho, ummangalelwa angagwetshwa iminyaka emihlanu noma eyishumi ejele kuye ngokuthi icala lithini.
Kudokhumenti engumgunyathi, isiginesha yomgunyathi kuphela ebhekwa njengengasebenzi, ithuluzi nawo wonke amasiginesha angempela asabhekwa njengokuvumelekile.
Kafushane, umuntu wenza ubugebengu Bokukhohlisa ngokunamathisela isiginesha yomgunyathi phezu kwethuluzi okungaxoxiswana ngalo ngaphandle kwemvume yangaphambili yomuntu ogunyaziwe.
Ezinye Izinhlawulo ngaphansi kwe-Federal Decree-Law No. 5/2012
- Ukuboshwa kanye nenhlawulo engengaphansi kwe-AED 150, 000 futhi engabi ngaphezu kwe-AED 750, 000 nganoma yisiphi isenzo noma ukweqiwa okuhlanganisa Ukukhohlisa okwenziwe kudokhumenti kahulumeni wobumbano noma wasekhaya noma izikhungo zikahulumeni noma zendawo; futhi
- Ukuboshwa kanye nenhlawulo engu-AED 150, 000 futhi engabi ngaphezu kwe-AED 300, 000 ngesenzo noma ukweqiwa okuhlanganisa i-Forgery kunoma yimuphi omunye umbhalo ngaphandle kwalokhu okukhulunywe ngakho.
Izinhlobo Ezi-4 Zokukhohlisa, Zichaziwe
- I-State Forgery
Inkohliso iba Ubugebengu Bezinga Lombuso lapho noma yimuphi umuntu ekwenza ukuze akhohlise omunye ngokwenza idokhumenti esemthethweni engamanga noma ethule ngamabomu noma akhiphe idokhumenti mbumbulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu onedokhumenti eguquliwe ngenhloso yokukhohlisa umuntu naye unecala Lokukhohlisa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa isiginesha yomunye umuntu, ikhodi, idivayisi, noma ukhiye oyimfihlo kuphinde kwakha umgunyathi wezinga lombuso, okuthi uma elahlwa icala, kuholele umuntu ejele iminyaka efika kwemi-5 kanye nenhlawulo engu-AED 25,000.
- Umgunyathi kanye Nokukhwabanisa
Ukwenza umgunyathi ngokusebenzisa iForgery kwenziwa yinoma yimuphi umuntu ongantshontsha kuma-akhawunti esebenzisa idokhumenti engumgunyathi equkethe isiginesha yomuntu, ngaleyo ndlela akhe imigqa emisha yezikweletu noma athole imibhalo yebhizinisi.
- Ukukhohlisa Kwemibhalo
Amadokhumenti ahlobene nebhizinisi angase enziwe ngomgunyathi futhi kamuva angase asetshenziselwe imisebenzi exhumene nokungekho emthethweni. Umenzi wobubi ulungisa okuthile emaphepheni ukuze akusebenzise njengekhophi yangempela yokuqola omunye.
Enye indlela ukuthola imali usebenzisa amaphepha angamanga noma omgunyathi ngokusebenzisa idatha ebisebenza ngaphambilini.
- Ukukhohlisa Kwemibhalo Yebhizinisi Esemthethweni
Lapho enza idokhumenti yebhizinisi esemthethweni, umenzi wobubi uvamise ukushintsha umazisi okhishwe uhulumeni endaweni futhi anikezwe umsebenzi noma umphathi.
Ngokuphambene, ebhizinisini, ukukhohlisa amadokhumenti ebhizinisi asemthethweni kwenziwa inhloso yomuntu yokuthola imali kanye nokweba impahla ebalulekile noma idatha. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa lapho ubugebengu buxhunywe kumadokhumenti ebhizinisi, kodwa amarekhodi ebhizinisi ahlala esebenza ezinguqulweni ezingashintshiwe.
Ingxoxo ngecala elihlobene ne-Forgery
Ukusebenzisa izindlela ezingekho emthethweni, njengokukokotela idokhumenti ebhaliwe noma ukusebenzisa idokhumenti engelona iqiniso ukuze uzuze umuntu kungase kulahlekisele ukuphila kwakhe.
Ukukhohlisa kuyicala elibi elidala umonakalo komunye lapho umgunyathi eshintsha idokhumenti ukuze athole imali komunye umuntu angakwazi ukuyithola ngokusemthethweni. Ngaphansi komthetho, umuntu othi umgunyathi unesibopho sokufakazela okufanayo futhi ummangalelwa unelungelo lokuphika.
Izinsiza Zebhange Ezingakhokhelwa
INkantolo Yomthetho inqume ukuthi uma amaqiniso nemibhalo yecala ayengenele ukuze akholise ukuba yiqiniso kwedokhumenti, inkantolo kufanele isekele isinqumo sayo emqulwini ophikiswayo.
Inkantolo yamacala kufanele ithembele ebufakazini ebone bunengqondo futhi buwusizo ekuqondeni ukufaneleka kwecala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkantolo yayinegunya lokulinganisa ukuthi umbiko wochwepheshe wawuphelele ngokwanele yini, unesisekelo esifanelekile futhi unezizathu ezizwakalayo.
Okokugcina, imibhalo ekhishwe ngolunye ulimi iyasebenza ngisho noma ingahunyushelwanga olimini lwesi-Arabhu inqobo nje uma ithunyelwe futhi yahlolwa uchwepheshe.
