Ugonyamelo lwasekhaya lubonisa uhlobo lokuxhatshazwa oluyingozi olunyhasha ubungcwele bekhaya nentsapho. Kwi-UAE, izehlo zobundlobongela basekhaya ezibandakanya ukubetha, ibhetri, kunye nezinye izenzo ezixhaphazayo ezenziwa ngamaqabane, abantwana okanye amanye amalungu osapho aphathwa ngokunyamezela. Umthetho welizwe ubonelela ngeendlela ezicacileyo zokunika ingxelo kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso ukukhusela amaxhoba, ukuwasusa kwiindawo ezinobungozi, kunye nokukhusela amalungelo abo ngexesha lenkqubo yenkundla. Kwangaxeshanye, imithetho ye-UAE imisela izohlwayo eziqatha kubenzi bolwaphulo-mthetho lwasekhaya, ukusukela kwizohlwayo kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni ukuya kwizigwebo eziqatha kumatyala abandakanya iimeko ezimandundu.
Esi sithuba sebhlog sivavanya amagatya omthetho, amalungelo amaxhoba, iinkqubo zokuxela ubundlobongela basekhaya, kunye nemilinganiselo yokohlwaya phantsi kwemithetho ye-UAE ejolise ekuthinteleni nasekulweni lo mba woluntu.
Buchazwa njani ubuNdlobongela baseKhaya phantsi komthetho we-UAE?
I-UAE inenkcazelo ebanzi yomthetho yobundlobongela basekhaya efakwe kuMthetho we-Federal onguNombolo we-10 ka-2021 wokuLwa ubuNdlobongela baseKhaya. Lo mthetho uthatha ubundlobongela basekhaya njengaso nasiphi na isenzo, isoyikiso sesenzo, ukusilela okanye ukungakhathali okungafanelekanga okwenzekayo phakathi kosapho.
Ngokukodwa, ubundlobongela basekhaya phantsi komthetho we-UAE bubandakanya ubundlobongela obusemzimbeni njengokubetha, ibhetri, ukwenzakala; ubundlobongela ngokwasengqondweni ngokusebenzisa izithuko, izoyikiso, izoyikiso; ubundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo kubandakanywa udlwengulo, ukuxhatshazwa; ukuvinjwa kwamalungelo kunye nenkululeko; kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwezemali ngokulawula okanye ukusebenzisa kakubi imali/impahla. Ezi zenzo zibandakanya ubundlobongela basekhaya xa benziwa kumalungu osapho afana nabalingane, abazali, abantwana, abantakwabo okanye ezinye izalamane.
Ngokucacileyo, inkcazo ye-UAE iyanda ngaphaya kokuxhatshazwa kwamaqabane ukubandakanya ubundlobongela obujoliswe ebantwaneni, abazali, abasebenzi basekhaya kunye nabanye kusapho. Ayibandakanyi nje ukwenzakala emzimbeni, kodwa ngokwasengqondweni, ngokwesondo, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwezemali kunye nokuhluthwa kwamalungelo ngokunjalo. Lo mda ubanzi ubonisa indlela epheleleyo ye-UAE yokulwa ubundlobongela basekhaya ngazo zonke iindlela zayo ezifihlakeleyo.
Ekugwebeni la matyala, iinkundla ze-UAE zivavanya izinto ezifana nenqanaba lokwenzakala, iipatheni zokuziphatha, ukungalingani kwamandla kunye nobungqina bokulawula iimeko ngaphakathi kwiyunithi yosapho.
Ngaba ubuNdlobongela baseKhaya lulwaphulo-mthetho kwi-UAE?
Ewe, ubundlobongela basekhaya lityala lolwaphulo-mthetho phantsi kwemithetho ye-UAE. Umthetho we-Federal weNombolo ye-10 ka-2021 wokuLwa ubuNdlobongela baseKhaya ngokuphandle wenza kube lulwaphulo-mthetho izenzo zokuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwasengqondweni, ngokwesondo, ngokwezemali kunye nokuhluthwa kwamalungelo phakathi kwemixholo yosapho.
Abenzi bobundlobongela basekhaya banokujongana nezohlwayo ukusuka kwizohlwayo kunye nokuvalelwa entolongweni ukuya kwizohlwayo eziqatha njengokugxothwa kwabaphambukeli, ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezinjengobunzulu boxhatshazo, ukwenzakala okubangelwe, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, kunye nezinye iimeko ezimandundu. Umthetho ukwavumela amaxhoba ukuba afune imiyalelo yokhuseleko, imbuyekezo kunye nezinye izisombululo ezisemthethweni ngokuchasene nabaxhaphazi bawo.
Amaxhoba angaluxela njani ubuNdlobongela baseKhaya kwi-UAE?
I-UAE ibonelela ngamajelo amaninzi kumaxhoba ukuba axele izehlo zobundlobongela basekhaya kwaye afune uncedo. Inkqubo yokunika ingxelo idla ngokubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:
- Qhagamshelana namaPolisa: Amaxhoba angatsalela umnxeba ku-999 (inombolo yonxunguphalo yamapolisa) okanye atyelele isikhululo samapolisa esikufuphi ukuze afake ingxelo malunga nesiganeko (iziganeko) zobundlobongela basekhaya. Amapolisa aya kuqalisa uphando.
- Indlela yoTshutshiso loSapho: Kukho amacandelo azinikeleyo oTshutshiso loSapho ngaphakathi kwee-ofisi zoTshutshiso loLuntu kulo lonke elase-Emirates. Amaxhoba angaya ngqo kula macandelo ukuxela ukuphathwa gadalala.
- Sebenzisa i-App yeNgxelo yoBundlobongela: I-UAE iye yaphehlelela ingxelo yobundlobongela basekhaya ebizwa ngokuba “yiLizwi loMfazi” evumela ingxelo elumkileyo ngobungqina obuvakalayo/obubonwayo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Qhagamshelana namaZiko eNkxaso yoLuntu: Imibutho efana neDubai Foundation yabasetyhini kunye nabantwana ibonelela ngeendawo zokuhlala kunye neenkonzo zenkxaso. Amaxhoba anokufikelela kumaziko anjalo ukuze afumane uncedo lokunika ingxelo.
- Funa uNcedo loNyango: Amaxhoba angandwendwela izibhedlele/iikliniki zikarhulumente apho abasebenzi bezonyango benyanzelekile ukuba baxele kwabasemagunyeni iimeko ezikrokrelekayo zobundlobongela basekhaya.
- Bandakanya aMakhaya oKhuseleko: I-UAE inamakhaya okhuseleko (“Ewaa” amaziko) kumaxhoba okuxhatshazwa ekhaya. Abasebenzi kula maziko banokukhokela amaxhoba kwinkqubo yokunika ingxelo.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, amaxhoba kufuneka azame ukubhala ubungqina obufana neefoto, ushicilelo, iingxelo zonyango ezinokunceda kuphando. I-UAE iqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngokuchasene nocalucalulo kwabo baxela ubundlobongela basekhaya.
Ngawaphi amanani oncedo ngobundlobongela basekhaya azinikeleyo kumazwe ahlukeneyo eemerite?
Kunokuba ibe neminxeba yoncedo eyahlukileyo kwi-emirate nganye, i-United Arab Emirates inomnxeba omnye kwilizwe lonke we-24/7 osetyenziswa yi-Dubai Foundation for Women and Children (DFWAC) ukunceda amaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya.
Inombolo yoncedo jikelele yokufowunela yile 800111, ifumaneka naphi na kwi-UAE. Ukufowunela le nombolo kukuqhagamshelanisa nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo abanokubonelela ngenkxaso ekhawulezileyo, uthethwano, kunye nolwazi malunga neemeko zobundlobongela basekhaya kunye neenkonzo ezikhoyo.
Nokuba uhlala kweliphi ilizwe, inombolo yoncedo ye-DFWAC's 800111 sisixhobo sokuxela izehlo, ukufuna isikhokelo, okanye ukuqhagamshelwa kwinkxaso yobundlobongela basekhaya. Abasebenzi babo banobuchule bokuphatha la matyala anobuzaza kwaye banokukucebisa kumanyathelo alandelayo afanelekileyo ngokusekwe kwiimeko zakho. Ungalibazisi qhagamshelana no-800111 ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ujongene nokuxhatshazwa kwasekhaya okanye ubundlobongela ekhaya. Lo mnxeba uzinikeleyo uqinisekisa ukuba amaxhoba kuyo yonke i-UAE anokufikelela kuncedo alufunayo.
Zeziphi Iindidi Zokuxhatshazwa kuBundlobongela baseKhaya?
Ubundlobongela basekhaya buthatha iindlela ezininzi ezibuhlungu ngaphaya kokuhlaselwa ngokwasemzimbeni. NgokoMgaqo-nkqubo woKhuseleko loSapho lwe-UAE, ukuxhatshazwa kwasekhaya kubandakanya iipatheni ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha ezisetyenziselwa ukufumana amandla kunye nokulawula iqabane elisondeleyo okanye ilungu losapho:
- Ukuphathwa gadalala ngokwasemzimbeni
- Ukubetha, ukuqhwaba, ukutyhala, ukukhaba okanye ukubetha ngolunye uhlobo
- Ukwenza ukwenzakala emzimbeni njengokugruzuka, ukwaphuka okanye ukutshisa
- Ukuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi
- Izithuko ezithe gqolo, izithuko, izithuko, nokuthotywa isidima esidlangalaleni
- Ukukhwaza, ukukhala izisongelo kunye namaqhinga okoyikisa
- Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasengqondweni/ngokwengqondo
- Ukulawula ukuziphatha okufana nokujonga iintshukumo, ukunciphisa abafowunelwa
- Umonzakalo ngokwasemoyeni ngokusebenzisa amaqhinga afana nokulayita igesi okanye unyango oluthe cwaka
- Ku xhatshazwa ngo kwesondo
- Ukunyanzeliswa kwezesondo okanye izenzo zesondo ngaphandle kwemvume
- Ukwenzakalisa emzimbeni okanye ubundlobongela ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo
- Ukuxhatshazwa kweTekhnoloji
- Ukugqekeza iifowuni, ii-imeyile okanye ezinye iiakhawunti ngaphandle kwemvume
- Ukusebenzisa umkhondo apps okanye izixhobo esweni iintshukumo iqabane
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwezeMali
- Ukuthintela ukufikelela kwiimali, ukubamba imali okanye iindlela zokuzimela ngokwasezimalini
- Ukonakalisa ingqesho, ukonakalisa amanqaku ekhredithi kunye nezibonelelo zoqoqosho
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwesimo sokufudukela kwelinye ilizwe
- Ukubamba okanye ukutshabalalisa amaxwebhu okufudukela kwelinye ilizwe njengamapasi
- Izoyikiso zokugxothwa okanye ukwenzakala kwiintsapho ezibuyela ekhaya
- Ukungakhathali
- Ukungaphumeleli ukubonelela ngokutya okwaneleyo, indawo yokuhlala, unyango okanye ezinye iimfuno
- Ukulahlwa kwabantwana okanye amalungu osapho axhomekeke kuwo
Imithetho ebanzi ye-UAE iqaphela ubundlobongela basekhaya bungaphezulu kokwasemzimbeni - yipateni ezingisayo kuyo yonke imimandla emininzi ejolise ekuhlutheni amalungelo, isidima kunye nokuzimela kwexhoba.
Ziziphi iZohlwayo zoBundlobongela baseKhaya e-UAE
I-United Arab Emirates yamkele isimo esingqongqo ngokuchasene nobundlobongela basekhaya, ulwaphulo-mthetho olungamkelekanga olunyhasha ngokunzulu amalungelo oluntu kunye nemilinganiselo yokuziphatha yoluntu. Ukulwa nalo mba, inkqubo-sikhokelo yowiso-mthetho yesizwe ibeka imilinganiselo eqatha yokohlwaya abo bafunyenwe benetyala lokuphatha gadalala emakhaya. Ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo zichaza izohlwayo ezigunyazisiweyo kulwaphulo-mthetho olwahlukeneyo olunxulumene nobundlobongela emakhaya:
| I siphene | Isohlwayo |
|---|---|
| Ubundlobongela baseKhaya (bubandakanya ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwasengqondweni, ngokwesondo okanye kwezoqoqosho) | Ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-6 entolongweni kunye/okanye isohlwayo se-AED 5,000 |
| Ukwaphulwa koMyalelo woKhuselo | Iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 entolongweni kunye/okanye isohlwayo se-AED 1,000 ukuya kwi-AED 10,000 |
| Ukwaphulwa koMyalelo woKhuselo noBundlobongela | Izohlwayo ezongeziweyo - iinkcukacha eziza kugqitywa yinkundla (zinokuba kabini izohlwayo zokuqala) |
| Phinda Ulwaphulo-mthetho (ubundlobongela basekhaya obenziwe kwisithuba sonyaka om-1 wetyala elidlulileyo) | Isohlwayo esiqatha yinkundla (iinkcukacha ngokwesigqibo senkundla) |
Amaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya ayakhuthazwa ukuba axele uxhatshazo olo kwaye afune inkxaso kwabasemagunyeni kunye nemibutho echaphazelekayo. I-UAE ibonelela ngezixhobo ezifana neendawo zokuhlala, iingcebiso, kunye noncedo lwezomthetho ukunceda abo bachaphazelekayo.
Ngawaphi Amalungelo asemthethweni anawo ngamaxhoba oBundlobongela baseKhaya kwi-UAE?
- Inkcazo ebanzi yomthetho yobundlobongela basekhaya phantsi kwe-UAE Federal Law No. 10 ka-2019, eqaphela:
- Ukuphathwa gadalala
- Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasengqondweni
- Ukusetyenziswa kakubi ngokwesondo
- Ukuxhatshazwa kwezoqoqosho
- Izoyikiso zalo naluphi na uxhatshazo olunjalo lilungu losapho
- Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomthetho kumaxhoba eendlela ezingezizo ezomzimba zokuxhatshazwa
- Ukufikelela kwimiyalelo yokhuseleko evela kutshutshiso loluntu, enokuthi inyanzelise umxhaphazi ukuba:
- Gcina umgama ukusuka kwixhoba
- Hlala kude nendawo yokuhlala yexhoba, indawo yokusebenza, okanye iindawo ezichaziweyo
- Musa ukonakalisa impahla yexhoba
- Vumela ixhoba ukuba likhuphe izinto zalo ngokukhuselekileyo
- Ubundlobongela basekhaya buthathwa njengetyala lolwaphulo-mthetho, nabaxhaphazi bajongene:
- Ukuvalelwa entolongweni
- Iintlawulo
- Ubuzaza besohlwayo buxhomekeke kuhlobo nobungakanani boxhatshazo
- Ijolise ekubanjeni abaphuli-mthetho ukuba baphendule kwaye isebenze njengesithintelo
- Ubukho bezibonelelo zenkxaso kumaxhoba, kuquka:
- Ii-arhente zogcino-mthetho
- Izibhedlele kunye nezibonelelo zempilo
- Amaziko entlalontle
- Imibutho exhasa ubundlobongela basekhaya engenzi ngeniso
- Iinkonzo ezinikezelwayo: indawo yokuhlala ngexesha likaxakeka, iingcebiso, uncedo lwezomthetho, kunye nenye inkxaso yokwakha ngokutsha ubomi
- Ilungelo elisemthethweni lokuba amaxhoba afake izikhalazo ngabaxhaphazi bawo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo:
- Mapolisa
- Iofisi yotshutshiso loluntu
- Ukuqala iinkqubo zomthetho kunye nokulandela ubulungisa
- Ilungelo lokufumana unyango ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye imiba yezempilo ebangelwa bubundlobongela basekhaya, kubandakanywa:
- Ukufikelela kunyango olufanelekileyo
- Ilungelo lokuba nobungqina bomonzakalo obubhalwe ngabasebenzi bezonyango kwiinkqubo zomthetho
- Ukufikelela kummeli kunye noncedo oluvela:
- Iofisi yoTshutshiso loluntu
- Imibutho engekho phantsi kukarhulumente (NGOs) ebonelela ngeenkonzo zoncedo lwezomthetho
- Ukuqinisekisa igqwetha elinobuchule ukukhusela amalungelo amaxhoba
- Ukugcinwa kwemfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lwabucala kumatyala amaxhoba kunye nolwazi lomntu
- Ukuthintela ingozi eyongezelelekileyo okanye impindezelo kumxhaphazi
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxhoba aziva ekhuselekile ekufuneni uncedo nasekulandeleni amanyathelo asemthethweni
Kubalulekile ukuba amaxhoba awazi la malungelo asemthethweni kwaye afune uncedo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo kunye nemibutho yenkxaso ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabo kunye nokufikelela kubulungisa.
I-UAE Iwasingatha njani aMatyala oBundlobongela baseKhaya aBandakanya abantwana?
I-United Arab Emirates inemithetho ethile kunye namanyathelo okujongana namatyala obundlobongela basekhaya apho abantwana bangamaxhoba. UMthetho we-Federal No. 3 ka-2016 wamaLungelo oMntwana (uMthetho kaWadeema) wenza ubundlobongela, ukuxhatshazwa, ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokungahoywa kwabantwana kube lulwaphulo-mthetho. Xa amatyala anjalo exelwa, iziphathamandla zogcino-mthetho kufuneka zithathe amanyathelo okukhusela ixhoba lomntwana, kuquka nokulisusa kwimeko yokuxhatshazwa kunye nokubonelela ngekhusi/amalungiselelo ononophelo olulolunye.
Phantsi koMthetho kaWadeema, abo babanjelwa ukuxhaphaza ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwasengqondweni abantwana banokujamelana nokuvalelwa entolongweni kunye nezohlwayo. Izohlwayo ezichanekileyo zixhomekeke kwiinkcukacha kunye nobukhulu bolwaphulo-mthetho. Lo mthetho ukwagunyazisa ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zenkxaso ukunceda umntwana achache kwaye abuyele eluntwini. Oku kunokubandakanya iinkqubo zokubuyisela kwisimo sangaphambili, iingcebiso, uncedo lwezomthetho, njl.
Amaqumrhu afana neBhunga eliPhakamileyo leeYunithi zoKhuseleko lwaBantwana kunye noKhuseleko lwaBantwana phantsi koMphathiswa wezangaphakathi anikwe umsebenzi wokufumana iingxelo, ukuphanda amatyala kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela malunga nokuxhatshazwa kwabantwana kunye nobundlobongela basekhaya kubantwana.
LinoNceda Njani iGqwetha eliKhethekileyo lasekuhlaleni
Ukujonga inkqubo yezomthetho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo omntu akhuselwe ngokupheleleyo kunokuba ngumngeni kumaxhoba obundlobongela basekhaya, ngakumbi kumatyala anzima. Apha kulapho ukubandakanya iinkonzo zegqwetha lasekuhlaleni elikhethekileyo ekusingatheni amatyala obundlobongela basekhaya kunokuba luncedo. Igqwetha elinamava eliyazi kakuhle imithetho efanelekileyo ye-UAE linokukhokela amaxhoba kwinkqubo yomthetho, ukusuka ekufakeni izikhalazo kunye nokufumana imiyalelo yokhuseleko ukuya ekulandeleni izityholo zolwaphulo-mthetho ngakumxhaphazi kunye nokubanga imbuyekezo. Basenokuthethelela iimfuno zexhoba, bakhusele imfihlo yabo, kwaye bandise amathuba okuba neziphumo ezincumisayo ngokusebenzisa ubuchule babo kumatyala obundlobongela basekhaya. Ukongeza, igqwetha elikhethekileyo linokudibanisa amaxhoba kunye neenkonzo ezifanelekileyo zenkxaso kunye nezibonelelo, ukubonelela ngendlela ebanzi yokufuna ubulungisa kunye nokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.
