Ukugcina ukhuseleko lwesizwe, ucwangco loluntu, kunye nokuzinza kwezentlalo kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-United Arab Emirates (UAE). Ngokunjalo, ilizwe limisele inkqubo-sikhokelo yezomthetho ebanzi ukujongana namanyathelo abeka esichengeni le miba ibalulekileyo yoluntu, kubandakanywa ukuphembelela udushe kunye namatyala okuvukela urhulumente. Imithetho ye-UAE yenzelwe ukukhusela iimfuno zesizwe kunye nokukhusela amalungelo kunye nokhuseleko lwabemi bayo kunye nabahlali ngokwenza izenzo ezinjengokusasaza ulwazi olungeyonyani, ukuxhokonxa intiyo, ukuthatha inxaxheba kuqhanqalazo olungagunyaziswanga okanye uqhanqalazo, kunye nokubandakanyeka kwezinye izinto ezinokuphazamisa ucwangco loluntu. okanye bajongele phantsi igunya likarhulumente. Le mithetho inezohlwayo eziqatha kwabo bafunyenwe benetyala, ebonisa ukuzibophelela okungagungqiyo kwe-UAE ekuthobeleni umthetho nocwangco ngeli lixa igcina iinqobo ezisemgangathweni zelizwe, imigaqo, kunye nomanyano loluntu.
Ithini inkcazo esemthethweni yesiphendu phantsi kwemithetho ye-UAE?
Ingqikelelo yesiphendu ichazwa ngokucacileyo kwaye isonjululwe ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yezomthetho ye-UAE, ebonisa ukuzibophelela kwelizwe ekugcineni ukhuseleko lwesizwe kunye nozinzo lwentlalo. NgokweKhowudi yePenal ye-UAE, isidubedube siquka uluhlu lwamatyala abandakanya ukuphembelela inkcaso okanye ukungathobeli igunya likarhulumente okanye ukuzama ukujongela phantsi ukuba semthethweni kukarhulumente.
Izenzo zoburheletya phantsi komthetho we-UAE ziquka ukukhuthaza iingcamango ezijonge ukubhukuqa inkqubo elawulayo, ukuvuselela intiyo nxamnye norhulumente okanye amaziko akhe, ukuthuka esidlangalaleni uMongameli, uSekela Mongameli, okanye abalawuli bama-emirate, kunye nokusasaza ulwazi olungeyonyani okanye amahemuhemu anokoyikisa uluntu. . Ukongeza, ukuthatha inxaxheba okanye ukuququzelela uqhanqalazo olungagunyaziswanga, uqhanqalazo, okanye iindibano ezinokuphazamisa ukhuseleko loluntu okanye zibeke emngciphekweni umdla woluntu zithathwa njengezenzo zokuvukela urhulumente.
Inkcazelo esemthethweni ye-UAE yovukelo ibanzi kwaye ibandakanya izenzo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi zibenakho ukudodobalisa umgangatho wentlalo yelizwe okanye zijongele phantsi imigaqo yolawulo. Oku kubonisa ukuma okungagungqiyo kwesizwe ngokuchasene nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi ebeka isisongelo kukhuseleko lwelizwe lalo, ucwangco loluntu, kunye nentlalo-ntle yabemi nabemi balo.
Zeziphi izenzo okanye intetho enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo njengephembelela imvukelo okanye ubuphendu e-UAE?
Imithetho ye-UAE ichaza uluhlu olubanzi lwezenzo kunye nentetho enokuthi ithathelwe ingqalelo njengolwaphulo-mthetho lokuvukela urhulumente okanye ukuphembelela imvukelo. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukukhuthaza iimbono okanye iinkolelo ezijolise ekubhukuqeni inkqubo yokulawula, ukujongela phantsi amaziko karhulumente, okanye umngeni wokuba semthethweni kukarhulumente.
- Ukunyelisa esidlangalaleni okanye ukunyelisa uMongameli, uSekela Mongameli, abalawuli bama-emirate, okanye amalungu eBhunga eliPhezulu ngentetho, ngokubhala, okanye ngezinye iindlela.
- Ukusasaza ulwazi olungeyonyani, amarhe, okanye ipropaganda enokusongela ucwangco loluntu, uzinzo kwintlalontle, okanye iimfuno zikarhulumente.
- Ukuphembelela intiyo, ugonyamelo, okanye ukungavisisani kwamahlelo nxamnye norhulumente, amaziko akhe, okanye izahlulo zoluntu ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nenkolo, uhlanga, okanye ubuhlanga.
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba okanye ukuququzelela uqhanqalazo olungagunyaziswanga, uqhanqalazo, okanye iindibano zoluntu ezinokuphazamisa ukhuseleko loluntu okanye zibeke emngciphekweni umdla woluntu.
- Ukupapasha okanye ukusasazwa kweencwadi, nokuba zishicilelwe okanye zikwi-intanethi, ezikhuthaza iingcamango eziphembelela uqhushululu, ziphembelela inkcaso nxamnye norhulumente, okanye ziqulethe inkcazelo yobuxoki enokusingela phantsi ukhuseleko lwelizwe.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imithetho ye-UAE malunga nokuvukela ibanzi kwaye inokubandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwezenzo kunye nentetho, zombini kwi-intanethi nangaphandle kweintanethi, ezithathwa njengezoyikiso lwelizwe uzinzo, ukhuseleko, okanye ubumbano loluntu.
Zeziphi isohlwayo solwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumene nokuvukela kwi-UAE?
I-UAE ithatha isimo esingqongqo ngokuchasene nolwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumene novukelo, ibeka isohlwayo esiqatha kwabo bafunyenwe benetyala lolo lwaphulo-mthetho. Izohlwayo zichazwe kwi-UAE ye-Penal Code kunye neminye imithetho efanelekileyo, efana ne-Federal Decree-Law No.
- Ukuvalelwa: Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobuzaza betyala, abantu ababanjelwe kulwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumene nokuvukela bangajongana nezigwebo ezinde entolongweni. NgokweNqaku le-183 le-UAE Penal Code, nabani na oseka, oqhuba, okanye ojoyina umbutho ojolise ekubhukuqeni urhulumente okanye ukujongela phantsi inkqubo yolawulo lukarhulumente unokugwetywa ubomi entolongweni okanye ukuvalelwa entolongweni okwethutyana iminyaka engekho ngaphantsi kwe-10.
- Ukugqwetyelwq ngabakhulu: Kwezinye iimeko ezimandundu kakhulu, ezifana nezo zibandakanya izenzo zobundlobongela okanye ubunqolobi egameni lokuvukela, isigwebo sentambo sinokuwiswa. ISiqendu se-180 se-Penal Code sithi nabani na ofunyenwe enetyala lokwenza isenzo sokuphembelela ukubhubha komnye umntu angajongana nesigwebo sentambo.
- Izohlwayo: Izohlwayo ezinkulu zinokumiselwa ecaleni okanye endaweni yokuvalelwa entolongweni. Ngokomzekelo, iSiqendu 183 se-Penal Code sichaza isohlwayo phakathi koluhlu oluthile kuye nabani na othuka esidlangalaleni uMongameli, iSekela likaMongameli, okanye abalawuli bama-emirate.
- Ukugxothwa: Abantu abangengabo be-UAE abagwetywe ngolwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumene novukelo banokujongana nokugxothwa kweli lizwe, ukongeza kwezinye izohlwayo ezifana nokuvalelwa entolongweni kunye nezohlwayo.
- Izohlwayo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-Intanethi: IFederal Decree-Law No. 5 of 2012 on Combating Cybercrimes ichaza izohlwayo ezithe ngqo zamatyala anento yokwenza novukelo enziwe ngeendlela zombane, kuquka ukuvalelwa ithutyana kunye nezohlwayo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba abasemagunyeni be-UAE banengqiqo yokuwisa izohlwayo ezifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kwiimeko ezithile zetyala ngalinye, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto ezinjengobunzulu bolwaphulo-mthetho, impembelelo enokubakho kukhuseleko lwesizwe kunye nocwangco loluntu, kunye nemeko yomntu ngamnye. inqanaba lokubandakanyeka okanye injongo.
Imithetho ye-UAE yohlula njani phakathi kokugxeka / ukuchasa kunye nezenzo zokuvukela?
| Ukugxekwa/Ukuchasa | Imisebenzi Exhokonxayo |
|---|---|
| Ibonakaliswe ngeendlela zoxolo, ezisemthethweni, nezingezobundlobongela | Ukucela umngeni ukuba semthethweni kukarhulumente |
| Ukuvakalisa izimvo, ukuphakamisa iinkxalabo, okanye ukubandakanyeka kwiingxoxo ezinentlonipho kwimiba enomdla kuluntu | Ukukhuthaza iimbono ezijolise ekubhukuqeni inkqubo elawulayo |
| Ikhuselwe ngokubanzi njengenkululeko yokuthetha, ukuba nje ingaphembeleli intiyo okanye ugonyamelo | Ukuphembelela ugonyamelo, iiyantlukwano zamahlelo, okanye intiyo |
| Ukuba negalelo ekukhuleni nasekuphuhliseni uluntu | Ukusasaza iinkcukacha ezibubuxoki ezinokujongela phantsi ukhuseleko lwelizwe okanye ucwangco loluntu |
| Ivunyelwe ngaphakathi kwemida yomthetho | Kuthathwa njengokungekho mthethweni kwaye kohlwaywa phantsi kwemithetho ye-UAE |
| Injongo, umxholo, kunye nefuthe elinokubakho livavanywa ngabasemagunyeni | Ukubeka isoyikiso kuzinzo lwelizwe kunye nomanyano lwentlalo |
Abasemagunyeni be-UAE bahlula phakathi kweendlela ezisemthethweni zokugxeka okanye ukuchasa, ezinyanyezelwayo ngokubanzi, kunye nezenzo zokuvukela urhulumente, ezithathwa njengezingekho mthethweni kwaye ziphantsi kwesenzo somthetho kunye nezohlwayo ezifanelekileyo. Imiba ephambili eqwalaselwayo yinjongo, umxholo, kunye nefuthe elinokubakho lezenzo okanye intetho ekuthethwa ngayo, kunye nokuba bawela umgca wokuvuselela ubundlobongela, ukujongela phantsi amaziko karhulumente, okanye ukusongela ukhuseleko lwesizwe kunye nocwangco loluntu.
Iinjongo zidlala yiphi indima ekumiseleni ukuba izenzo zomntu zikhuthaza imvukelo?
Injongo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukuba ngaba izenzo zomntu okanye intetho ibandakanya uvukelo phantsi kwemithetho ye-UAE. Abasemagunyeni bavavanya injongo esisiseko emva kwezenzo okanye iingxelo zokwahlula phakathi kokugxeka okusemthethweni okanye ukuchasa kunye nezenzo zoqhushululu ezisongela ukhuseleko lwelizwe kunye nocwangco loluntu.
Ukuba injongo igqalwa njengokuvakalisa izimvo zoxolo, ukuphakamisa inkxalabo, okanye ukubandakanyeka kwiingxoxo ezinentlonelo ngemibandela enomdla kuluntu, ngokuqhelekileyo ayijongwa njengemvukelo. Noko ke, ukuba injongo kukuxhokonxa ugonyamelo, ukukhuthaza iingcamango ezijoliswe ekubhukuqeni urhulumente, okanye ukujongela phantsi amaziko karhulumente nozinzo lwentlalo, oko kusenokuchazwa njengetyala lokuvukela urhulumente.
Ukongeza, umxholo kunye nefuthe elinokubakho lezenzo okanye intetho nazo zithathelwa ingqalelo. Nokuba injongo ayisiyomvukelo ecacileyo, ukuba izenzo okanye iingxelo zinokukhokelela kwisiphithiphithi esidlangalaleni, ukungavisisani kwamahlelo, okanye ukujongelwa phantsi kokhuseleko lwelizwe, zisenokuthathwa njengezenzo zokuvukela phantsi kwemithetho ye-UAE.
Ngaba kukho amalungiselelo athile kwimithetho ye-UAE malunga nokuvukela okwenziwe ngemithombo yeendaba, amaqonga e-intanethi okanye upapasho?
Ewe, imithetho ye-UAE inamalungiselelo athile aphathelele kulwaphulo-mthetho olunxulumene novukelo olwenziwe kumajelo eendaba, amaqonga e-intanethi, okanye upapasho. Abasemagunyeni bayayibona into yokuba la majelo anokusetyenziswa kakubi ekusasazeni umxholo oxhokonxa imvukelo okanye ukuphembelela uqhushululu. The Federal Decree-Law ye-UAE's Federal Decree-Law No. 5 of 2012 on Combating Cybercrimes ichaza izohlwayo zamatyala anxulumene nesiphendu enziwe ngeendlela zombane, ezifana nokuvalelwa okwexeshana kunye nezohlwayo eziqala kwi-AED 250,000 ($68,000) ukuya kwi-AED 1,000,000 yeedola.
Ukongeza, iKhowudi yePenal ye-UAE kunye neminye imithetho echaphazelekayo ikwabandakanya izenzo zovukelo ezibandakanya amajelo eendaba emveli, upapasho, okanye iindibano zoluntu. Izohlwayo zinokubandakanya ukuvalelwa entolongweni, izohlwayo eziqatha, kunye nokugxothwa kwabantu abangengabo abe-UAE abagwetywe ngenxa yamatyala anjalo.
