Ubudala bedijithali buye bazisa uncedo olungazange lubonwe ngaphambili, kodwa lukwanomngcipheko ngendlela yolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-cyber. Njengoko itekhnoloji isiya idityaniswa ngakumbi kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, abantu kunye namashishini e-United Arab Emirates (UAE) bajongana nezoyikiso ezinokubakho ezivela kwimisebenzi ekhohlakeleyo ye-cyber efana nokugebenga, ubuqhophololo, kunye nokophulwa kwedatha. Ukujongana nale nkxalabo ikhulayo, i-UAE iphumeze imithetho ebanzi ye-cyber echaza iinkqubo ezicacileyo zokuxela izehlo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-cyber, ibeka izohlwayo ezingqongqo kubaphuli-mthetho, kwaye ibeke phambili ukwazisa nge-cybersecurity kunye nezenzo ezilungileyo. Eli nqaku lijolise ekunikezeni isishwankathelo esibanzi semithetho ye-cyber ye-UAE, ekhokela abafundi kwiinkqubo zokunika ingxelo, ichaza iziphumo zomthetho kubaphuli-mthetho be-intanethi, kunye nokuqaqambisa amanyathelo asebenzayo okuphucula ukhuseleko lwe-intanethi kunye nokukhusela ngokuchasene nelizwe elihlala livela lezoyikiso ze-cyber.
Yintoni uMthetho we-Cybercrime we-UAE?
I-UAE ithatha i-cybercrime njengento ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye iphumeze isakhelo somthetho esibanzi ngoMthetho we-Federal Decree No. Lo mthetho uhlaziyiweyo uthatha indawo yemiba ethile yomthetho wangaphambili wolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa kwikhompyutha wowama-34, ujongana ngqo nezisongelo zedijithali ezintsha nezivelayo.
Umthetho uchaza ngokucacileyo uluhlu olubanzi lolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-cyber, ukusuka ekufikeleleni kwinkqubo engagunyaziswanga kunye nokubiwa kwedatha ukuya kulwaphulo-mthetho oluqatha olufana nokuhlukumeza kwi-intanethi, ukusasaza ulwazi olungeyonyani, ukuxhaphaza abantwana ngeendlela zedijithali, kunye nokuqhatha abantu nge-elektroniki. Ikwabandakanya amatyala anxulumene nokwaphulwa kwedatha yabucala, ukusetyenziswa kobuchwephesha bokurhwaphiliza imali okanye imisebenzi yobunqolobi.
Enye yeenjongo ezingundoqo zomthetho kukuthintela, okuphunyezwa ngezohlwayo eziqatha kubaphuli-mthetho be-intanethi. Ngokuxhomekeke kubuzaza bolwaphulo-mthetho, izohlwayo zinokubandakanya izohlwayo eziqatha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-AED 3 yezigidi okanye izigwebo ezinde zasentolongweni, kunye namatyala amabi anokukhokelela ekubeni avalelwe ubomi bonke entolongweni. Umzekelo, ukufikelela ngokungekho mthethweni kwiinkqubo okanye ubusela idatha kunokukhokelela kwisohlwayo kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eli-15 entolongweni.
Ukuqinisekisa unyanzeliso-mthetho olusebenzayo, umthetho ugunyazisa iiyunithi ezikhethekileyo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwii-arhente zogcino-mthetho. Ezi yunithi zixhotyiswe ngobuchule bobugcisa bokujonga ubunzima bophando lolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-intanethi, okwenza ukuba kuphendulwe ngamandla kwizoyikiso ze-cyber kwi-UAE. Ngaphaya koko, umthetho useka iinkqubo ezicacileyo zokuba abantu kunye namashishini baxele iziganeko ezirhanelekayo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwikhompyutha kwabasemagunyeni kwangoko. Le ndlela yokunika ingxelo iququzelela inyathelo elikhawulezileyo ngokuchasene nabenzi bobubi, kukhuselwe iziseko ezingundoqo zesizwe zedijithali.
Zeziphi iindidi ezahlukeneyo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-Cyber phantsi koMthetho we-UAE?
| Uhlobo lweCybercrime | inkcazelo | Amanyathelo oThintelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga | Ukufikelela ngokungekho mthethweni kwiinkqubo zombane, uthungelwano, iiwebhusayithi, okanye uvimba weenkcukacha ngaphandle kwemvume. Oku kubandakanya imisebenzi yokugqekeza ukubiwa kwedatha, ukuphazamisa iinkonzo, okanye ukwenza umonakalo. | • Sebenzisa iiphasiwedi ezinamandla • Yenza uqinisekiso lwezinto ezininzi • Gcina isoftware ihlaziywa • Ukusebenzisa ulawulo lofikelelo |
| Ubusela beDatha | Ukufumana ngokungekho mthethweni, ukuguqula, ukucima, ukuvuza, okanye ukusasaza idatha ye-elektroniki kunye neenkcukacha zabantu okanye imibutho, kubandakanywa iimfihlo zorhwebo, iinkcukacha zomntu, kunye nepropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda. | • Fihla idatha ebuthathaka • Ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezikhuselekileyo zokulondoloza • Ukuqeqesha abasebenzi ngokuphathwa kwedatha • Ukubeka iliso kwiinzame zokufikelela okungagunyaziswanga |
| Ubuqhophololo be-Cyber | Ukusebenzisa iindlela zedijithali ukuqhatha abantu okanye imibutho ngenzuzo yemali, enjengobuqhophololo, ubuqhophololo ngamakhadi okuthenga ngetyala, ubuqhophololo botyalo-mali kwi-intanethi, okanye ukuzenza imibutho esemthethweni/abantu ngabanye. | • Qinisekisa iinkcukacha zezazisi • Zilumkele ii-imeyile/imiyalezo engacelwanga • Sebenzisa iindlela zokuhlawula ezikhuselekileyo • Hlala uhlaziywa kubuchule bamva nje bobuqhetseba |
| Ukuxhatshazwa kwi-Intanethi | Ukubandakanyeka kwindlela yokuziphatha ebangela uxinzelelo, uloyiko, okanye ukuxhatshazwa kwabanye ngokusebenzisa amaqonga edijithali, kuquka i-cyberbullying, i-stalking, ukuhlambalaza, okanye ukwabelana ngomxholo ongavumelaniyo. | • Xela iziganeko • Vula useto lwabucala • Kuphephe ukwabelana ngeenkcukacha zakho • Valela/uthintele ukufikelela kwabo batshutshisayo |
| Ukusasazwa komxholo ongekho mthethweni | Ukwabelana okanye ukusasaza umxholo othathwa njengongekho mthethweni phantsi kwemithetho ye-UAE, efana neepropaganda ezibaxiweyo, intetho yentiyo, izinto ezicacileyo/eziziphethe kakubi, okanye umxholo wokophula i-copyright. | • Sebenzisa izihluzi zomxholo • Xela umxholo ongekho mthethweni • Ukufundisa abasebenzisi ngendlela yokuziphatha ethembekileyo kwi-intanethi |
| Ukuxhatshazwa kwaBantwana | Ukusebenzisa ubugcisa bedijithali ukuxhaphaza, ukuxhatshazwa, okanye ukwenzakalisa abantwana, kuquka imisebenzi efana nokuzilungisa kwi-intanethi, ukwabelana ngemifanekiso engcolileyo, ukucenga abantwana ngeenjongo zesondo, okanye ukuvelisa/ukusasaza izinto ezixhaphaza abantwana. | • Ukusebenzisa ulawulo lwabazali • Fundisa abantwana ngokhuseleko lwe-intanethi • Xela iziganeko • Beka iliso kwimisebenzi ye-intanethi |
| Ukwaphulwa koBucala beDatha | Ukufikelela ngokungekho mthethweni, ukuqokelela, okanye ukusebenzisa kakubi iinkcukacha zobuqu kunye neenkcukacha ngokwaphulwa kwemithetho yabucala yedatha nemimiselo, kubandakanywa ukwabelana okungagunyaziswanga okanye ukuthengisa idatha yobuqu. | • Ukusebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko lwedatha • Fumana imvume yokuqokelelwa kwedatha • Makungacaciswa amagama edatha apho kunokwenzeka • Ukwenza uphicotho lwabucala rhoqo |
| Ubuqhophololo boMbane | Ukuzibandakanya kwizenzo zobuqhophololo kusetyenziswa iindlela zombane, ezinjengokwenza iiwebhusayithi zomgunyathi, ubuqhetseba bobuqhetseba, ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga kwiiakhawunti zemali, okanye ukwenza iintengiselwano ze-intanethi ezinobuqhophololo. | • Qinisekisa ubunyani bewebhusayithi • Sebenzisa iindlela zokuhlawula ezikhuselekileyo • Beka iliso kwii-akhawunti rhoqo • Xela imisebenzi ekrokrisayo |
| Ukusetyenziswa kweTekhnoloji kubunqolobi | Ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji yedijithali kunye namaqonga ukukhuthaza, ukucwangcisa, okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yobunqolobi, ukugaya amalungu, ukusasaza ipropaganda, okanye ukuxhasa imibutho yabanqolobi. | • Xela imisebenzi ekrokrisayo • Ukusebenzisa ukubekwa kweliso kumxholo • Ukusebenzisana nee-arhente zogcino-mthetho |
| Ukurhwaphiliza imali | Ukusebenzisa iindlela zedijithali kunye nobuchwepheshe ukuququzelela ukufihlwa okanye ukudluliselwa kweemali okanye ii-asethi ezifunyenwe ngokungekho mthethweni, ezifana nentengiselwano ye-cryptocurrency okanye iinkqubo zentlawulo ye-intanethi. | • Ukusebenzisa ulawulo oluchasene nokuthutyeleziswa kwemali • Ukubeka iliso kwintengiselwano • Xela imisebenzi ekrokrisayo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo |
Ungabuchaza njani ulwaphulo-mthetho kwi-Cybercrime kwi-UAE?
- Chonga ulwaphulo-mthetho lwekhompyutha: Qinisekisa ubume be-cybercrime odibene nayo, nokuba kukuqhekezwa, ukubiwa kwedatha, ubuqhophololo kwi-intanethi, ukuhlukumeza, okanye naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho lwedijithali.
- Ubungqina boxwebhu: Qokelela kwaye ulondoloze nabuphi na ubungqina obufanelekileyo obunxulumene nesiganeko, njengemifanekiso-skrini, i-imeyile okanye iilogi zemiyalezo, iinkcukacha zentengiselwano, kunye nolunye ulwazi lwedijithali olunokuxhasa ityala lakho.
- Qhagamshelana nabasemagunyeni: Xela ulwaphulo-mthetho kwi-intanethi kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo kwi-UAE:
- Tsalela umnxeba ongxamisekileyo ongu-999 ukuze uchaze ngesi sehlo.
- Ndwendwela isikhululo samapolisa esikufutshane nawe okanye iYunithi yoLwaphulo-mthetho lweCybernakele leSebe lezangaphakathi ukuze ufake isikhalazo esisemthethweni.
- Ngenisa ingxelo ngamaqonga engxelo ngolwaphulo-mthetho olusemthethweni lwe-UAE lwe-UAE www.ecrime.ae, “Aman” ngamaPolisa ase-Abu Dhabi, okanye i-app ethi “My Safe Society” yi-UAE Public Prosecution.
- Nika iinkcukacha: Xa unika ingxelo ngolwaphulo-mthetho lwekhompyutha, zilungiselele ukunika iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe, kuquka iinkcukacha zakho zobuqu, inkcazo yesiganeko, naziphi na iinkcukacha ezaziwayo malunga nomaphuli-mthetho, umhla, ixesha, kunye nendawo (ukuba bukhona), kunye nabo nabuphi na ubungqina ndiqokelele.
- Sebenzisana nophando: Yiba ukulungele ukusebenzisana nabasemagunyeni ngexesha lenkqubo yophando ngokubonelela ngolwazi olongezelelweyo okanye ukuncedisa kwiinzame zokuqokelela ubungqina.
- Ukulandelisa: Fumana inombolo yesalathiso setyala okanye ingxelo yesiganeko ukulandelela inkqubela yesikhalazo sakho. Yiba nomonde, njengoko uphando lwe-cybercrime lunobunzima kwaye lutya ixesha.
- Qwalasela ingcebiso yezomthetho: Ngokuxhomekeke kubuzaza kunye nohlobo lolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-cyber, unokufuna ingcebiso yezomthetho kumntu oqeqeshiweyo ukuze uqonde amalungelo akho kunye neenketho zezenzo zomthetho ezinokubakho.
- Amatyala orhwaphilizo lwemali: Ukuba ulixhoba lobuqhophololo ngokwemali, obufana nobuqhetseba bekhadi letyala okanye utshintshiselwano lwezemali olungagunyaziswanga, uyacetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nebhanki yakho okanye inkampani yekhadi letyala ngokukhawuleza ecaleni kokuxela isehlo kwabasemagunyeni.
- Ingxelo engaziwa: Amanye amaqonga afana neZiko leNgxelo yoLwaphulo-mthetho lwamaPolisa aseDubai anikezela ngeendlela zokunika ingxelo ngokungaziwa kwabo bakhetha ukuhlala bengaziwa ngelixa bexela izehlo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-cyber.
Kubalulekile ukuxela ulwaphulo-mthetho kwi-cyber ngokukhawuleza kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo kwi-UAE ukuze uqinisekise isenzo esisexesheni kunye nokwandisa amathuba ophando oluyimpumelelo kunye nezisombululo.
Ziziphi izohlwayo kunye neZohlwayo zolwaphulo-mthetho lwe-Cyber e-UAE?
| Uhlobo lweCybercrime | Izigwebo |
|---|---|
| Ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga | - Ubuncinci bohlwayo lwe-AED 100, ubuninzi be-AED 300 – Ukuvalelwa ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6 |
| Ubusela beDatha | - Ubuncinci bohlwayo lwe-AED 150,000, ubuninzi be-AED 750,000 – Ukuvalelwa ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-10 Isebenza ekutshintsheni, ekuvezeni, ukukopisha, ukucima, okanye ukupapasha idatha ebiweyo |
| Ubuqhophololo be-Cyber | – Intlawulo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-AED eyi-1,000,000 – Ukuvalelwa ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-10 |
| Ukuxhatshazwa kwi-Intanethi | – Intlawulo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-AED eyi-500,000 – Ukuvalelwa ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-3 |
| Ukusasazwa komxholo ongekho mthethweni | Izohlwayo ziyahluka ngokusekelwe kubume bomxholo: -Ukusasaza ulwazi lobuxoki: Intlawulo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-AED 1,000,000 kunye / okanye ukuvalelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-3 -Ukupapasha umxholo ophula izithethe zentlalo: Ukuvalelwa kunye / okanye izohlwayo ukusuka kwi-AED 20,000 ukuya kwi-AED 500,000 |
| Ukuxhatshazwa kwaBantwana | – Izohlwayo eziqatha, kuquka ukuvalelwa entolongweni kunye nokugxothwa |
| Ukwaphulwa koBucala beDatha | - Ubuncinci bohlwayo lwe-AED 20,000, ubuninzi be-AED 500,000 |
| Ubuqhophololo boMbane | -Kufana nobuqhophololo kwi-Cyber: Intlawulo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-AED eyi-1,000,000 kunye nokuvalelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eli-10 |
| Ukusetyenziswa kweTekhnoloji kubunqolobi | – Izohlwayo eziqatha, kuquka ukuvalelwa ixesha elide entolongweni |
| Ukurhwaphiliza imali | – Izohlwayo eziqatha, kuquka izohlwayo ezinkulu kunye nokuvalelwa ixesha elide entolongweni |
Usebenza njani uMthetho we-UAE kwiCross-Border Cybercrimes?
I-United Arab Emirates (UAE) iyabuqonda ubume behlabathi bolwaphulo-mthetho kwikhompyutha kunye nemingeni ebangelwa kulwaphulo-mthetho olunqumla imida. Ngenxa yoko, isakhelo sezomthetho selizwe sijongana nalo mbandela ngamanyathelo ahlukeneyo kunye nemigudu yentsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe.
Okokuqala, imithetho ye-cybercrime ye-UAE inolawulo lwangaphandle, okuthetha ukuba inokusetyenziswa kulwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa ngaphandle kwemida yelizwe ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho lujolise okanye luchaphazela abantu be-UAE, amashishini, okanye amaziko karhulumente. Le ndlela ivumela abasemagunyeni e-UAE ukuba baphande kwaye batshutshise abenzi bobubi nokuba bakweyiphi na indawo, ngaphandle kokuba kukho unxibelelwano kwi-UAE.
Ukongeza, i-UAE iseke izivumelwano zamazwe amabini kunye namazwe amaninzi kunye nezinye izizwe ukuququzelela intsebenziswano ekulweni ubugebenga be-cybercrime. Ezi zivumelwano zenza ukuba kwabelwane ngobukrelekrele, ubungqina, kunye nemithombo yoncedo, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe abo barhanelwa ukuba ngabaphuli-mthetho kwikhompyutha. I-UAE lilungu lemibutho eyahlukeneyo yamazwe ngamazwe, njenge-Ofisi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo kwiZiyobisi kunye noLwaphulo-mthetho (i-UNODC) kunye ne-International Criminal Police Organisation (INTERPOL), eququzelela intsebenziswano ekujonganeni ne-cybercrime yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngaphaya koko, i-UAE ithatha inxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kumalinge ehlabathi kunye neeforam ezijolise ekulungelelaniseni imithetho ye-cybercrime kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. Oku kuquka ukuthotyelwa kwezivumelwano nezivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, ezifana neBudapest Convention on Cybercrime, ebonelela ngesakhelo somthetho sentsebenziswano phakathi kwamazwe atyikityeyo ekujonganeni nolwaphulo-mthetho olusebenza ngekhompyutha.
Anokunceda njani amaGqwetha oLwaphulo-mthetho?
Ukuba wena okanye umbutho wakho ube lixhoba lolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-intanethi kwi-UAE, ukufuna uncedo lwegqwetha elinamava olwaphulo-mthetho kunokuba luncedo. Amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kwi-Cybercrime anokuba nzima, abandakanye ubucukubhede bobugcisa kunye neengqikelelo ezisemthethweni ezifuna ubuchule obukhethekileyo.
Amagqwetha olwaphulo-mthetho asebenza ngolwaphulo-mthetho kwikhompyutha anokubonelela ngenkxaso ebalulekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yomthetho. Banokukukhokela ekuqokeleleni nasekugcineni ubungqina, bakucebise ngamalungelo akho kunye nokhetho lomthetho, kwaye bancedise ekufakeni izikhalazo kwabasemagunyeni abafanelekileyo. Ukongeza, banokukumela ngexesha lophando kunye neengxoxo zenkundla, beqinisekisa ukuba umdla wakho ukhuselekile kwaye ufumana impatho enobulungisa phantsi komthetho.
Kwiimeko ze-cybercrime ezinqumla imida, amagqwetha olwaphulo-mthetho anobuchule kulo mmandla angakwazi ukuhamba ngeendlela ezintsonkothileyo zemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye namagunya olawulo, ukuququzelela intsebenziswano kunye namagunya afanelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yomthetho iqhutywe ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo. Basenokukunceda ukuba uqonde iziphumo ezinokuthi zibe kho kunye neziphumo zolwaphulo-mthetho kwi-intanethi, ngokusemthethweni nangokwemali, kwaye bakunike isikhokelo sokunciphisa nayiphi na ingozi okanye umonakalo.
Ngokubanzi, ukubandakanya iinkonzo zegqwetha elinolwazi lolwaphulo-mthetho kunokunyusa kakhulu amathuba akho okufumana isiphumo esilungileyo kumatyala olwaphulo-mthetho lwe-cyber, kukubonelela ngenkxaso yomthetho efunekayo kunye nokumelwa ukuze ulandele ubulungisa kunye nokukhusela amalungelo akho.
