Ubugebengu Bokubulala noma Imithetho Yokubulala Nezijeziso

The I-United Arab Emirates ubuka i ukuthatha impilo yomuntu ngokungemthetho njengenye ye ubugebengu obubi kakhulu obubhekiswe emphakathini. Ukubulala, noma ukubulala omunye umuntu ngamabomu, kuthathwa ngokuthi icala lobugebengu lokho kudweba izijeziso ezinzima ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-UAE. Uhlelo lwezomthetho lwesizwe iphatha ukubulala ngokungabekezeleli lutho, kusukela emigomeni ye-Islamic yokugcina isithunzi somuntu nokugcina umthetho nokuhleleka okuyizinsika eziwumgogodla zomphakathi we-UAE nokubusa.

Ukuze kuvikelwe izakhamuzi zayo kanye nezakhamuzi ekusongelweni kodlame lokubulala, i-UAE yenze imithetho ecacile ehlinzeka ngohlaka olubanzi lwezomthetho oluchaza izigaba ezihlukene zokubulala nokubulala ngokungenhloso. Izijeziso zamacala okubulala afakazelwe zisukela ekuboshweni isikhathi eside seminyaka engama-25 kuye kwezikadilikajele, isinxephezelo esikhulu semali yegazi, kanye nesijeziso sokufa esidutshulwa yiqembu elidubulayo emacaleni athathwa njenganzima kakhulu yizinkantolo ze-UAE.

Izigaba ezilandelayo ziveza imithetho ethile, izinqubo zomthetho nemihlahlandlela yesigwebo ephathelene nobugebengu bokubulala nokubulawa e-UAE.

Iyini Imithetho Yamacala Okubulala E-Dubai?

1. I-Federal Law No. 3 ka-1987 (Ikhodi Yenhlawulo)
2. Federal Law No. 35 ka-1992 (Counter Narcotics Law)
3. Umthetho Wesifunda No. 7 ka-2016 (Umthetho Ochibiyela Wokulwa Nobandlululo/Inzondo)
4. Imithetho ye-Sharia Law

I-Federal Law No. 3 ka-1987 (Ikhodi Yenhlawulo) umthetho oyinhloko ochaza amacala okubulala ngokungenhloso afana nokubulala okuhlosiwe, ukubulawa kokuhlonipha, ukubulawa kwezingane, nokubulala, kanye nezijeziso zakhona. Isigaba 332 sigunyaza isigwebo sentambo sokubulala ngamabomu.

Izihloko 333-338 zihlanganisa ezinye izigaba ezifana nokubulawa kwesihe. i-UAE Penal Code yabuyekezwa ngo-2021, ithatha indawo yoMthetho Federal No. 3 ka-1987 noMthetho Federal Decree Law No. izihloko nezinombolo kungenzeka zishintshile.

I-Federal Law No. 35 of 1992 (Counter Narcotics Law) iqukethe nezinhlinzeko ezihlobene nokubulala. Isigaba sesi-4 sivumela isijeziso sokufa ngamacala ezidakamizwa aholela ekulahlekelweni ukuphila, ngisho noma kungahlosiwe. Lesi simo esinzima sihlose ukunqanda ukuhweba ngezidakamizwa ezingekho emthethweni. I-athikili yesi-6 yoMthetho Wombuso Nombolo 7 ka-2016 ichitshiyelwe umthetho okhona ukuze wethule izigaba ezihlukene zobugebengu obunenzondo nokubulala okugqugquzelwa ukucwasa inkolo, uhlanga, uhlanga noma ubuzwe.

Ukwengeza, izinkantolo ze-UAE zinamathela ezimisweni ezithile ze-Sharia ngenkathi zahlulela amacala okubulala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukucabangela izici ezifana nenhloso yobugebengu, ukuba necala kanye nokuhlela kusengaphambili ngokomthetho we-Sharia.

Ukuqonda Umthetho Wobugebengu wase-UAE: Imibandela Yokubulala

I-UAE Penal Code ikhuluma ngokubulala ezigabeni ezimbalwa:

1. Article 332: Ichaza ukubulala okuhlosiwe kanye nezijeziso zakho
2. Article 334: Iveza isijeziso sokubulala ungahlosile
3. Article 336: Ikhuluma ngokubulawa okubangelwa ukushaya ngaphandle kwenhloso yokubulala
4. Article 342: Ihlanganisa amacala okusizwa ukuzibulala
5. Article 344: Ixoxa ngokubulawa kwezingane ngumama
6. Article 381: Imininingwane yezinhlawulo zokubangela ukufa ngephutha
7. Article 383: Ikhuluma nezimo ezimbi emacaleni okubulala

Yiziphi Izijeziso Zamacala Okubulala e-UAE?

Njengomthetho osanda kumiswa we-Federal Decree Law No. 31 of 2021 (UAE Penal Code), isijeziso sokubulala okuhlosiwe, okuhilela ukubangela ukushona komunye umuntu ngamabomu nangokungekho emthethweni ngokuhlela kwangaphambilini kanye nonya, yisigwebo sentambo. I-athikili efanele ikubeka ngokusobala ukuthi abenzi bobubi abalahlwe yile ndlela enyantisayo yokubulala ngokungenhloso bayogwetshwa ukubulawa ngokudubula.

Ngokubulala okuhlonishwayo, lapho abesifazane bebulawa amalungu omndeni ngenxa yokwephulwa okucatshangwayo kwamasiko athile alandela imithetho, i-Article 384/2 inika amajaji amandla okunikeza izijeziso ezinkulu zesijeziso sokufa noma ukugqunywa ejele udilikajele ngokusekelwe emacaleni acacisiwe.

Umthetho uyawenza umehluko uma kukhulunywa ngeminye imikhakha efana nokubulawa kwezinsana, okuwukubulala okungekho emthethweni kwengane esanda kuzalwa. I-athikili 344 ehlobene naleli cala ibeka izigwebo ezithambile zasejele ezisuka ko-1 kuya kwemi-3 ngemva kokucabangela izimo ezinciphisayo nezici okungenzeka ziqhube umenzi wobubi. Ngokufa okubangelwa ubudedengu bobugebengu, ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa okufanele, noma ukungakwazi ukufeza izibopho zomthetho, Isigaba 339 sigunyaza ukuboshwa phakathi kweminyaka emi-3 kuya kwengu-7.

Ngaphansi koMthetho Wombuso No. 35 ka-1992 (Umthetho Wokulwa Nezidakamizwa), i-Article 4 ibeka ngokucacile ukuthi uma icala elihlobene nezidakamizwa njengokukhiqiza, ukutholakala noma ukushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa ngokuqondile kuholela ekufeni komuntu, ngisho noma kungenhloso, isijeziso esikhulu sesigwebo sokufa ngokubulawa singanikezwa izinhlangothi ezinecala ezihililekile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMthetho Wombuso No. 7 wezi-2016 owachibiyela izinhlinzeko ezithile ngemva kokushaywa kwawo, wethula ithuba lokukhipha isigwebo sentambo noma udilikajele ngeSigaba 6 emacaleni lapho ukubulala noma ukubulala ngokungenhloso kubangelwa inzondo emelene nenkolo yomuntu ohlukunyeziwe, uhlanga, imvelaphi, uhlanga noma ubuzwe.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinkantolo ze-UAE nazo zilandela izimiso ezithile ze-Sharia ngenkathi zahlulela amacala ahlobene nokubulala okuhlosiwe. Lesi simiso sinikeza amalungelo ezindlalifa ezingokomthetho noma imindeni yabahlukunyezwa ukuba bafune ukubulawa kwabenzi bobubi, bamukele isinxephezelo semali yegazi esaziwa ngokuthi 'diya', noma banikeze ushwele - futhi isinqumo senkantolo kufanele sihambisane nesinqumo esenziwe ngumhlukunyezwa. umndeni.

I-UAE Iwashushisa Kanjani Amacala Okubulala?

Nazi izinyathelo ezibalulekile ezihilelekile ekutheni i-UAE ishushisa kanjani amacala okubulala:

• Uphenyo – Amaphoyisa kanye neziphathimandla zezokushushiswa komphakathi zenza uphenyo olunzulu mayelana nobugebengu, ziqoqe ubufakazi, ziphenye ofakazi ngemibuzo, futhi zibambe abasolwa.
• Izinkokhelo - Ngokusekelwe ekutholweni kophenyo, ihhovisi lezokushushiswa komphakathi licindezela ngokusemthethweni amacala ummangalelwa ngecala elihlobene lokubulala ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-UAE, njenge-Article 384/2 ye-UAE Penal Code ngokubulala ngokuhlosile.
• Ukuqulwa Kwamacala - Icala liya enkantolo ezinkantolo zobugebengu zase-UAE, abashushisi bethula ubufakazi nezimpikiswano ukuze bathole icala ngaphandle kokungabaza okunengqondo.
• Amalungelo Ommangalelwa - Ummangalelwa unamalungelo okumelwa ngokusemthethweni, ukuphenya ofakazi, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokuzivikela emacaleni, njengokusho kwe-Article 18 ye-UAE Penal Code.
• Ukuhlola Kwamajaji - Amajaji asenkantolo ahlola ngokungakhethi bonke ubufakazi nobufakazi obuvela ezinhlangothini zombili ukuze anqume ukuba necala kanye nokuhlela kusengaphambili, njengokusho kwe-Article 19 ye-UAE Penal Code.
• isinqumo - Uma etholakala enecala, amajaji akhipha isinqumo esichaza ukulahlwa yicala lokubulala nesigwebo ngokuvumelana nezinhlinzeko zekhodi yenhlawulo ye-UAE kanye nemigomo ye-Sharia.
• Inqubo Yezikhalazo - Kokubili abashushisi nokuzivikela banenketho yokudlulisa isinqumo senkantolo ezinkantolo zokudlulisa amacala uma kunesidingo, ngokwe-Article 26 ye-UAE Penal Code.
• Ukwenziwa kwesigwebo - Ezijezisweni zentambo, izimiso eziqinile ezibandakanya izikhalazo kanye nokuqinisekiswa kukamongameli we-UAE ziyalandelwa ngaphambi kokubulawa, njengokusho kwe-Article 384/2 ye-UAE Penal Code.
• Amalungelo Omndeni wezisulu – Ezimweni ezihleliwe, i-Sharia inikeza izinketho zemindeni yezisulu zokuxolela umenzi wobubi noma esikhundleni salokho yamukele isinxephezelo semali yegazi, njenge-Article 384/2 ye-UAE Penal Code.

Ingabe Uhlelo Lwezomthetho Lwe-UAE Lukuchaza Futhi Liwahlukanise Kanjani Amadigri Okubulala?

Ikhodi Yenhlawulo ye-UAE ngaphansi koMthetho Wesinqumo Sombuso No. 31 ka-2021 inikeza uhlaka olunemininingwane yokuhlukanisa amazinga ahlukene okubulala okungekho emthethweni noma ukubulala ngokungenhloso. Nakuba ibizwa kabanzi ngokuthi “ukubulala", imithetho yenza umehluko ocacile ngokusekelwe ezicini ezifana nenhloso, ukucabanga kusengaphambili, izimo kanye nokugqugquzela ubugebengu. Amazinga ahlukene wamacala okubulala achazwe ngokucacile ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-UAE ami kanje:

Degree	Incazelo	Izici ezibalulekile
Ukubulala Okuhleliwe	Ukubangela ukufa komuntu ngamabomu ngokuhlela okuhleliwe kanye nenhloso embi.	Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambilini, ubufakazi bokucatshangelwa kusengaphambili nobubi.
Hlonipha Ukubulala	Ukubulawa ngokungemthetho kwelungu lomndeni lesifazane ngenxa yokwephulwa okucatshangwayo kwamasiko athile.	Inhloso exhunywe kumasiko/izindinganiso zomndeni ezilandelanayo.
Ukubulawa kwezinsana	Ukubangela ukufa komntwana osanda kuzalwa ngokungemthetho.	Ukubulawa kwezinsana, izimo ezinciphisayo zicatshangelwe.
Ukubulala Budedengu	Ukufa okubangelwa ubudedengu bobugebengu, ukungakwazi ukufeza izibopho zomthetho, noma ukuntuleka kokunakekelwa okufanele.	Ayikho inhloso kodwa ubudedengu obusungulwe njengembangela.

Ukwengeza, umthetho ubeka izijeziso ezinzima zamacala enzondo ahlanganisa ukubulala okugqugquzelwa ukucwaswa ngokwenkolo, uhlanga, uhlanga noma ubuzwe bomuntu ohlukunyeziwe ngaphansi kwezinhlinzeko ezichitshiyelwe zango-2016.

Izinkantolo ze-UAE zihlola ngokucophelela ubufakazi obufana namaqiniso enkundla yobugebengu, ama-akhawunti ofakazi, ukuhlolwa kwengqondo komsolwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokunquma ukuthi yiliphi izinga lokubulala elenziwe. Lokhu kuba nomthelela ngokuqondile ekugwetshweni, okusukela emigomeni yasejele ethambile kuye kwezinkulu kuya ngezinga elimisiwe lecala.

Ingabe i-UAE Ibeka Isijeziso Sokufa Kwamacala Okubulala?

I-United Arab Emirates iyasibeka isigwebo sentambo noma isijeziso sokufa ngamacala athile okubulala ngaphansi kwemithetho yawo. Ukubulala okuhlosiwe, okubandakanya ukushona komuntu ngamabomu nangokungekho emthethweni ngokuhlela kwangaphambilini nangenhloso enonya, kudonsa isigwebo esiqinile sokubulawa ngabadubuli ngokweKhodi Yenhlawulo yase-UAE.

Isigwebo sentambo singaphinde sikhishwe kwamanye amacala afana nokubulawa kwenhlonipho kwabesifazane ngamalungu omndeni, ubugebengu benzondo obuqhutshwa ukucwasa ngokwenkolo noma ngokobuhlanga, kanye namacala okushushumbisa izidakamizwa abangela ukulahlekelwa ukuphila.

Kodwa-ke, i-UAE ithobela izinqubo zomthetho eziqinile ezibekwe ohlelweni lwayo lwezobulungiswa bobugebengu kanye nezimiso ze-Sharia ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiziphi izigwebo zentambo ngamacala okubulala. Lokhu kuhilela inqubo yokudlulisa amacala ezinkantolo eziphakeme, inketho yokuthi imindeni yezisulu inikeze ushwele noma yamukele isinxephezelo semali yegazi esikhundleni sokubulawa, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokugcina kukamongameli we-UAE okuyimpoqo ngaphambi kokwenza izigwebo zentambo.

I-UAE iwaphatha kanjani amacala abandakanya abantu bangaphandle abasolwa ngokubulala?

I-UAE isebenzisa imithetho yayo yokubulala ngokulinganayo kuzo zombili izakhamizi kanye nezakhamuzi zakwamanye amazwe ezihlala noma ezivakashele izwe. Abakwamanye amazwe abasolwa ngokubulala okungekho emthethweni bashushiswa ngenqubo yomthetho efanayo kanye nohlelo lwenkantolo njengabomdabu base-Emirati.

Uma balahlwa yicala lokubulala ngokuhlosile noma amanye amacala okufa, abantu bangaphandle bangabhekana nesigwebo sentambo esifana nesakhamuzi. Nokho, abanayo inketho yokuxolelwa noma ukukhokha isinxephezelo semali yegazi emndenini wesisulu okuwukucatshangelwa okusekelwe ezimisweni zeSharia.

Iziboshwa zakwamanye amazwe ezinikezwe izigwebo zasejele esikhundleni sokubulawa, inqubo yezomthetho eyengeziwe ukuxoshwa e-UAE ngemva kokudonsa isigwebo sabo sasejele esigcwele. I-UAE ayenzi okuhlukile ekunikezeni umusa noma ukuvumela ukweqiwa kwemithetho yayo yokubulala abantu bangaphandle. Amanxusa agcinwa aziswa ukuze anikeze ukufinyelela kwenxusa kodwa awakwazi ukungenelela enqubweni yokwahlulela esekelwe kuphela emithethweni ezimele ye-UAE.

Liyini Izinga Lobugebengu Bokubulala e-Dubai nase-UAE

I-Dubai kanye ne-United Arab Emirates (UAE) zinamanani aphansi kakhulu okubulala, ikakhulukazi uma eqhathaniswa namazwe anezimboni kakhulu. Idatha yezibalo ikhombisa ukuthi izinga lokubulala ngamabomu e-Dubai belilokhu lehla eminyakeni edlule, lehla lisuka ku-0.3 kubantu abayizi-100,000 ngo-2013 laya ku-0.1 kubantu abayi-100,000 ngo-2018, ngokusho kwe-Statista.

Ezingeni elibanzi, izinga lokubulala lase-UAE ngo-2012 lalimi ku-2.6 kwabayi-100,000, liphansi kakhulu kunesilinganiso somhlaba wonke esingu-6.3 kwabayi-100,000 ngaleso sikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbiko we-Dubai Police Major Crime Statistics engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2014 uqophe izinga lokubulala ngamabomu elingu-0.3 kubantu abayizi-100,000. Muva nje, ngo-2021, izinga lokubulala lase-UAE labikwa emacaleni angu-0.5 kubantu abayi-100,000.

Disclaimer: Izibalo zobugebengu zingashintshashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi abafundi kufanele babheke idatha yakamuva esemthethweni evela emithonjeni ethembekile ukuze bathole ulwazi lwamanje olumayelana namazinga okubulala e-Dubai nase-UAE.

Ayini Amalungelo Abantu Ngamunye Abasolwa Ngokubulala e-UAE?

1. Ilungelo lokuqulwa kwecala ngendlela efanele: Iqinisekisa inqubo yomthetho engachemi futhi enobulungisa ngaphandle kokucwasa.
2. Ilungelo lokumelwa ngokomthetho: Ivumela ummangalelwa ukuthi abe nommeli avikele icala lakhe.
3. Ilungelo lokwethula ubufakazi nofakazi: Inikeza ummangalelwa ithuba lokunikeza ulwazi olusekelayo nobufakazi.
4. Ilungelo lokudlulisa isinqumo: Ivumela ummangalelwa ukuthi aphikise isinqumo senkantolo ngokusebenzisa imigudu yokwahlulela ephakeme.
5. Ilungelo lezinsizakalo zokuhumusha uma kudingeka: Ihlinzeka ngosizo lolimi kwabakhuluma okungezona isi-Arabhu ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala.
6. Ukucatshangwa ukuthi umsulwa kuze kutholakale ukuthi unecala: Ummangalelwa uthathwa njengomsulwa ngaphandle uma icala labo litholakala ngaphandle kokungabaza okunengqondo.

Kuyini Ukubulala Okuhleliwe?

Ukubulala okuhleliwe, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukubulala kwezinga lokuqala noma ukubulala ngamabomu, kubhekisela ekubulaweni kwamabomu nokuhleliwe komunye umuntu. Kuhilela isinqumo esinengqondo kanye nokuhlela kusengaphambili ukuthatha ukuphila komuntu. Lolu hlobo lokubulala ngokuvamile lubhekwa njengohlobo lokubulala olubi kakhulu, njengoba luhilela ububi obucatshangelwe kusengaphambili kanye nenhloso yangamabomu ukwenza lobu bugebengu.

Emacaleni okubulala okuhleliwe, umenzi wobubi uye wacabanga ngesenzo kusengaphambili, wenza amalungiselelo, futhi wabulala ngendlela ebaliwe. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuthola isikhali, ukuhlela isikhathi nendawo yobugebengu, noma ukuthatha izinyathelo zokufihla ubufakazi. Ukubulala okuhlosiwe kuhluka kwezinye izinhlobo zokubulala, njengokubulala ngokungenhloso noma ubugebengu benkanuko, lapho ukubulawa kungase kwenzeke ngesikhathi sokushisa noma ngaphandle kwesinqumo sangaphambili.

I-UAE ikusingatha kanjani Ukubulala Okuhleliwe, Ukubulala Ngengozi?

Uhlelo lwezomthetho lwase-UAE luveza umehluko ocacile phakathi kokubulala okuhlosiwe kanye nokubulawa kwabantu ngengozi. Ukubulala okuhlosiwe kunesijeziso sokufa noma ukudilikelwa yijele uma inhloso ifakazelwa, kuyilapho ukubulala ngephutha kungase kubangele ukuncishiswa kwezigwebo, izinhlawulo, noma imali yegazi, kuye ngezici ezinciphisayo.

Indlela ye-UAE emacaleni okubulala ihlose ukusekela ubulungiswa ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi isijeziso sihambisana nobukhulu bobugebengu, kuyilapho icabangela izimo ezithile futhi ivumela ukuqulwa kwecala kukho kokubili ukubulawa okuhlosiwe nokungahlosile.

Amasu Okuvikela Ngobugebengu Bokubulala e-Emirates yase-Abu Dhabi nase-Dubai

Ukumelwa Kwezomthetho

Ukuvikela icala lokubulala e-UAE kudinga ukunakwa okucophelelayo emininingwaneni kanye nokuqonda okujulile kwesistimu yezomthetho. Ummeli ochwepheshe wezokuvikela ubugebengu, okuhlanganisa abameli nabameli, bakha izindlela eziklanyelwe ngokusekelwe ezimweni ezihlukile zecala ngalinye. Sishayele ngokuqondile ku- +971506531334 noma +971558018669.

Izindlela Zokuzivikela Ezivamile

• Ukuzivikela: Ukuphikisa ngokuthi ummangalelwa wayezivikela ukuze azivikele ekulimaleni okuseduze.
• Ukungabi nenhloso: Ukukhombisa ukuthi ukubulawa bekungahlosiwe noma kwenzeke ngaphandle kokucabanga kusengaphambili.
• Ukusangana noma ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwengqondo: Ukufakazela ukuthi ummangalelwa wayengekho esimweni esihle sengqondo ngesikhathi enza icala.

Ikusasa Lomndeni Wakho Lincike Ezenzweni Zakho Manje

Ubhekene namacala obugebengu e-Dubai noma e-Abu Dhabi? Isikhathi sibalulekile. Ungavumeli ubufakazi obubalulekile bushelele noma kudlule umnqamulajuqu wezomthetho. Ithimba lethu elinolwazi lokuvikela ubugebengu, eliwazi kahle umthetho we-UAE, lilungele ukukuthathela isinyathelo ngokushesha nangendlela ewujuqu. Ngokushesha lapho uhlanganyela nezinsizakalo zethu, ukuzivikela kwakho kungaba namandla.

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