Ubugebengu bezezimali bubhekise ku imisebenzi engekho emthethweni okubandakanya ukuthengiselana kwezezimali okuwumgunyathi noma ukuziphatha kokungathembeki ukuze kuzuze umuntu siqu ngokwezimali. Kunzima futhi kubi kakhulu global udaba oluvumela ubugebengu njenge ukukhwabanisa imali, uxhaso lwamaphekula, futhi nokuningi. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola izinto ezibucayi izinsongo, ezikude imithelela, okwakamuva izitayela, futhi ephumelela kakhulu izixazululo ukulwa nobugebengu bezezimali emhlabeni wonke.

Buyini Ubugebengu Bezezimali?

Ubugebengu bezezimali ihlanganisa noma yikuphi amacala angekho emthethweni okubandakanya Ukuthola imali noma impahla ngokukhohlisa noma ngokukhwabanisa. Izigaba ezinkulu zihlanganisa:

Ukuthulwa kwemali: Ukufihla imvelaphi nokunyakaza kwe izimali ezingekho emthethweni kusukela izenzo zobugebengu.
Ukukhwabanisa: Ukukhohlisa amabhizinisi, abantu ngabanye, noma ohulumeni ukuze bathole inzuzo yezimali noma izimpahla ezingekho emthethweni.
I-Cybercrime: Ubugebengu obunikwe amandla ezobuchwepheshe, ukukhwabanisa, noma obunye ubugebengu ukuze kuzuze imali.
Ukuhweba ngaphakathi: Ukusebenzisa kabi ulwazi lwenkampani ezimele ngenzuzo yemakethe yamasheya.
Ukugwazisa/inkohlakalo: Ukunikeza izikhuthazo njengemali ukuze zibe nomthelela ekuziphatheni noma ezinqumweni.
Ukubalekela intela: Ukungamemezeli imali engenayo ukuze kugwenywe ukukhokha izintela ngokungekho emthethweni.
Uxhaso lwamaphekula: Ukunikeza izimali zokusekela imibono yamaphekula noma imisebenzi.

Zihlukahlukene izindlela ezingekho emthethweni ukusiza ukufihla ubunikazi bangempela noma umsuka we imali kanye nezinye izimpahla. Ubugebengu bezezimali buvumela namacala abucayi njengokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa, ukushushumbiswa kwabantu, ukushushumbisa, nokunye. Izinhlobo ze-abetment njengokusiza, ukusiza noma ukwakha itulo lokwenza lobu bugebengu bezezimali akukho emthethweni.

Ubuchwepheshe obuyindida kanye nokuxhumana emhlabeni wonke kwenza ubugebengu bezezimali buchume. Nokho, emhlabeni jikelele izinhlangano zithuthuka zididiyelwe izixazululo ukulwa nalesi sihlava sobugebengu ngempumelelo enkulu kunangaphambili.

Izinhlobo Ezinkulu Zobugebengu Bezezimali e-UAE

Ake sihlole ezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zobugebengu bezezimali obubhebhezela umnotho wethunzi lomhlaba.

Ukuhlukana Kwemali

The inqubo yakudala of imali yokwehliswa kwemali ibandakanya izigaba ezintathu ezibalulekile:

Ukubekwa - Ukwethulwa izimali ezingekho emthethweni ohlelweni lwezezimali olujwayelekile ngamadiphozithi, izimali ezingenayo zebhizinisi, njll.
Ukwendlalela - Ukufihla umkhondo wemali ngokusebenzisa ukuthengiselana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezezimali.
Ukuhlanganiswa - Ukuhlanganisa imali "ehlanziwe" emuva emnothweni osemthethweni ngokutshala imali, ukuthenga okunethezeka, njll.

Ukukhwabanisa imali akugcini nje ngokufihla inzuzo yobugebengu kodwa kwenza kube nezenzo zobugebengu ezengeziwe. Amabhizinisi angakunika amandla ngokungazi ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Ngenxa yalokho, imithetho yomhlaba wonke emelene nokushushumbiswa kwemali (i-AML) igunyaza izibopho zokubika eziqinile kanye nezinqubo zokuthobelana zamabhange nezinye izikhungo ukuze kuliwe nokushushumbiswa kwemali. Esinyathelweni esihle, i-UAE yasuswa “kuhlu olumpunga” lwe-Financial Action Task Force (FATF) ngoFebruwari 2024, okubonisa inqubekelaphambili yezwe ekuqiniseni imithetho yayo ye-AML.

Ngakho, global anti-money laundering (AML) imithethonqubo iyalela izibopho zokubika eziqinile kanye nezinqubo zokuhambisana namabhange nezinye izikhungo ukuze kuliwe nokushushumbiswa kwemali. I-Next-gen AI nezixazululo zokufunda komshini zingasiza ekutholeni ngokuzenzakalelayo i-akhawunti esolisayo noma amaphethini okwenziwayo.

Ukukhwabanisa

Ukulahlekelwa komhlaba wonke kuya ukukhwabanisa kwenkokhelo yedwa kudlulwe $ 35 billion ngo-2021. Imikhonyovu ehlukahlukene yokukhwabanisa ithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe, ukwebiwa kobunikazi, kanye nobunjiniyela bezenhlalo ukuze kube lula ukudluliswa kwemali okungekho emthethweni noma ukufinyelela uxhaso. Izinhlobo zifaka:

Ukukhwabanisa kwekhadi lesikweletu/ledebhithi
Imikhonyovu yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi
I-imeyili yebhizinisi ebucayi
Ama-invoyisi mbumbulu
Imikhonyovu kwezothando
Ponzi/pyramid schemes
Ukukhwabanisa kobunikazi bokwenziwa
Ukukhwabanisa kokuthathwa kwe-akhawunti

Ukukhwabanisa kwephula ukwethenjwa kwezezimali, kubangela ukucindezeleka kuzisulu, futhi kwenyusa izindleko kubathengi nabahlinzeki bezezimali ngokufanayo. Izibalo zokukhwabanisa nezindlela zokubala ze-forensic zisiza ukudalula imisebenzi esolisayo ukuze kuqhutshekwe nophenyo lwezikhungo zezezimali nama-ejensi aqinisekisa ukuthotshelwa komthetho.

“Ubugebengu bezezimali budla lubi. Ukukhanyisa amakhona ayo amnyama kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuyidiliza.” – U-Loretta Lynch, owayenguMmeli Jikelele wase-US

I-Cybercrime

Ukuhlasela kwe-Cyberate ngokumelene nezikhungo zezezimali kukhuphuke ngo-238% emhlabeni jikelele kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2021. Ukukhula kwezimali zedijithali kwandisa amathuba obuchwepheshe obunikwe amandla. ubugebengu be-inthanethi bezezimali like:

I-Crypto wallet / exchange hacks
I-ATM jackpotting
Ikhadi lokuthenga ngesikweletu
Ukwebiwa kwemininingwane ye-akhawunti yasebhange
Ukuhlaselwa kweRansomware
Ukuhlaselwa kwamabhange eselula/izikhwama zedijithali
Ukukhwabanisa okuqondiswe kumasevisi okuthenga manje-khokha kamuva

Ukulahleka kobugebengu be-inthanethi emhlabeni wonke kungase kudlule $ 10.5 isigidintathu eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo. Ngenkathi ukuvikela ku-inthanethi kuqhubeka nokuthuthuka, izigebengu ezingongoti bathuthukisa amathuluzi nezindlela ezithuthuke kakhulu zokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe, ukwephulwa kwedatha, ukuhlaselwa kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kanye nokwebiwa kwezimali.

Ukukhishwa kwentela

Ukugwema intela yomhlaba wonke kanye nokubalekela intela okwenziwa izinkampani nabantu abanenani eliphakeme kubikwa ukuthi bayadlula $500-600 billion ngonyaka. Izintuba eziyinkimbinkimbi zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezindawo zokukhosela intela zenza kube lula inkinga.

Ukubalekela intela kucekela phansi imali engenayo yomphakathi, kubhebhethekise ukungalingani, futhi kwandise ukuthembela esikweletini. Ngaleyo ndlela ikhawulela uxhaso olutholakalayo lwezinsiza zomphakathi ezibalulekile njengokunakekelwa kwezempilo, imfundo, ingqalasizinda, nokunye. Ukusebenzisana okuthuthukisiwe komhlaba wonke phakathi kwabenzi bezinqubomgomo, abalawuli, amabhizinisi, nezikhungo zezezimali kungasiza ukwenza izinhlelo zentela zingenzeleli futhi zibe sobala.

Amacala Ezezimali Engeziwe

Ezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zobugebengu bezezimali zihlanganisa:

Ukuhweba ngaphakathi - Ukusebenzisa kabi ulwazi olungelona olusesidlangalaleni ngenzuzo yezimakethe zamasheya
Ukugwazisa/inkohlakalo - Ukuthonya izinqumo noma imisebenzi ngokusebenzisa izikhuthazo zezimali
Ukugwema izijeziso - Ukuzungeza unswinyo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukuze uthole inzuzo
Umgunyathi - Ukukhiqiza imali mbumbulu, imibhalo, imikhiqizo, njll.
Ukushushumbisa - Ukuthutha impahla/izimali ezingekho emthethweni ngaphesheya kwemingcele

Ubugebengu bezezimali buhlangana cishe nazo zonke izinhlobo zezenzo zobugebengu - kusukela ezidakamizweni ezingekho emthethweni nokushushumbiswa kwabantu kuye ebuphekula nezingxabano. Ukwehlukahlukana kanye nezinga lenkinga kudinga impendulo edidiyelwe yomhlaba wonke.

Izijeziso zobugebengu obuhlukahlukene bezezimali e-UAE

Ubugebengu Bezezimali	Imithetho Efanelekile	Ibanga lokujeziswa
Ukuhlukana Kwemali	Umthetho Wesifunda No. 4/2002 (njengoba uchitshiyelwe)	Iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweyi-10 ejele kanye/noma inhlawulo efika ku-AED 50 million
Ukukhwabanisa	Umthetho Wesifunda No. 3/1987 (njengoba uchitshiyelwe)	Kuyahluka, kodwa ngokuvamile kufika eminyakeni emi-3 ejele kanye/noma izinhlawulo
I-Cybercrime	Umthetho Wesifunda No. 5/2012 (njengoba uchitshiyelwe)	Izinhlawulo ezisuka ku-AED 50,000 ziye ku-AED 3 million, kanye/noma iminyaka efinyelela kweyi-10 ejele
Ukukhishwa kwentela	I-Federal Decree-Law No. 6/2017	Izinhlawulo ezisuka ku-AED 100,000 ziye ku-AED 500,000 kanye nokuboshwa okungenzeka
Umgunyathi	Umthetho Kahulumeni No. 6/1976	Kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10 ejele kanye/noma izinhlawulo
Ukugwazisa/Inkohlakalo	Umthetho Wesifunda No. 11/2006 (njengoba uchitshiyelwe)	Kuze kube yiminyaka engu-7 ejele kanye/noma inhlawulo efika ku-AED 1 million kwabanikezayo nabathathayo
Ukuhweba Kwangaphakathi	Umthetho Wesifunda No. 8/2002 (njengoba uchitshiyelwe)	Kuze kube yiminyaka emi-5 ejele kanye/noma inhlawulo efika ku-AED 10 million

Ukuphenya Nokushushiswa Kwamacala Ezezimali e-Dubai

Ukuphenywa Kwamacala Ezezimali e-Dubai:

Ukubika: Ukubika izigameko zobugebengu bezezimali kusiza ngemigudu emisiwe, ngokuthintana namaphoyisa aseDubai noma isiphathimandla esilawulayo sezezimali, kuye ngohlobo lwecala. Isibonelo, izinsolo zokukhwabanisa imali zizobikwa ku-Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU).
Uphenyo Lokuqala: Lesi sigaba siqala ngokuqoqwa okuphelele kobufakazi, okuhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwamarekhodi ezezimali, ukwenza izingxoxo nofakazi abafanelekile, kanye nokusebenzisana okuhlangene phakathi kwamaphoyisa ase-Dubai, ukushushiswa komphakathi, kanye namayunithi akhethekile afana noMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwezomnotho wase-Dubai.
Ukubambisana Okuthuthukisiwe: Imemorandamu Yokusebenzisana esanda kumiswa phakathi kweHhovisi Eliphethe Le-AML/CFT le-UAE kanye Namaphoyisa ase-Dubai iqinise indlela yokusebenzisana, ngaleyo ndlela yandisa amakhono okuphenya ekulweni nobugebengu bezezimali ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.

Ukushushiswa Kwamacala Ezezimali e-Dubai:

Ukushushiswa Komphakathi: Ngemva kokuqoqwa kobufakazi obanele ngohlelo lophenyo, icala lidluliselwa kuPhiko lwezokuShushiswa koMphakathi, lapho abashushisi behlolisisa ubufakazi futhi banqume ukuthi bawavule yini amacala ngokusemthethweni abasolwa.
Uhlelo Lwenkantolo: Amacala lapho amacala elandelwa aqulwa kamuva ezinkantolo zase-Dubai, lapho amajaji angachemile engamela ukuqulwa kwamacala. Lezi ziphathimandla zezomthetho zithweswe isibopho sokuhlola icala noma ubumsulwa ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyeni okuphelele kobufakazi obethulwe, ukunamathela ngokuqinile emithethweni esebenzayo ye-UAE.
Ubunzima besijeziso: Ezimweni lapho kutholakala khona icala, amajaji angamele anquma isijeziso esifanele, esihambisana nemvelo ethile kanye nobukhulu bobugebengu bezezimali obenziwe. Izinyathelo zokujezisa zingasukela ezijezisweni ezinkulu zezimali kuye kwezinezigwebo zokuboshwa, kanye nesikhathi sokuboshwa ngokulingana nobukhulu becala, njengoba kushiwo yimithetho yezomthetho ye-UAE.

Izindima Zezinhlangano Ezibalulekile

Izinhlaka ezahlukene zomhlaba zihola imizamo yomhlaba wonke yokulwa nobugebengu bezezimali:

I-Financial Action Task Force (FATF) ibeka izindinganiso zokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali (i-AML) kanye namazinga okuxhasa ngezimali okulwa nobuphekula amukelwa emhlabeni jikelele.
Ihhovisi le-UN leDrugs & Crime (UNODC) inikeza ucwaningo, isiqondiso, nosizo lobuchwepheshe emazweni angamalungu.
I-IMF & World Bank hlola izinhlaka ze-AML/CFT zezwe futhi unikeze ukwesekwa kokwakhiwa kwamandla.
I-InterPOL yenza kube lula ukusebenzisana kwamaphoyisa ukuze kuliwe nobugebengu bamazwe ngamazwe ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziya ezobunhloli kanye nedathabheyisi.
Europol iqondisa ukusebenza ngokubambisana phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu e-EU ngokumelene namanethiwekhi obugebengu obuhleliwe.
Iqembu le-Egmont ixhuma ama-Financial Intelligence Units angu-166 ukuze kwabelwane ngolwazi.
IKomidi Le-Basel Lokuqondisa Kwamabhange (BCBS) inikeza isiqondiso nokwesekwa kokulawulwa komhlaba wonke nokuhambisana.

Ngokuhambisana nezinhlaka zikahulumeni, izikhungo ezilawulayo zikazwelonke kanye nezomthetho ezifana nehhovisi likaMgcinimafa lase-US Lokulawula Izimpahla Zangaphandle (OFAC), I-UK National Crime Agency (NCA), kanye ne-German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin), amabhange amaphakathi e-UAE, namanye ashayela endawo. izenzo ezihambisana namazinga omhlaba.

"Impi yokulwa nobugebengu bezezimali ayinqotshwa amaqhawe, kodwa abantu abajwayelekile benza umsebenzi wabo ngobuqotho nangokuzinikela." – Gretchen Rubin, umbhali

Imithetho Ebalulekile Yokuthobela Ubugebengu Bezezimali e-UAE

Imithetho eqinile esekelwa izinqubo zokuthobela ezithuthukile ngaphakathi kwezikhungo zezezimali imele amathuluzi abalulekile okunciphisa ubugebengu bezezimali emhlabeni jikelele.

Imithetho Yokulwa Nokungeniswa Kwemali (AML).

Staff imithetho yokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali zihlanganisa:

US Umthetho Wezimfihlo Webhange kanye ne-PATRIOT Act
EU AML Directives
I-UK ne-UAE Imithetho Yokukhwabanisela Imali

Le mithetho idinga ukuthi amafemu ahlole ubungozi ngenkuthalo, abike ukuthengiselana okusolisayo, enze amakhasimende ngokukhuthala, futhi agcwalise nezinye. ukulandelwa izibopho.

Iqiniswa izinhlawulo ezinkulu zokungathobeli, imithetho ye-AML ihlose ukuphakamisa ukugada nokuphepha ohlelweni lwezimali lomhlaba wonke.

Yazi Imithetho Yekhasimende Lakho (i-KYC).

Yazi ikhasimende lakho (KYC) Izivumelwano zibophezela abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zezezimali ukuthi baqinisekise ubunikazi bamakhasimende kanye nemithombo yezimali. I-KYC isalokhu ibalulekile ekutholeni ama-akhawunti omgunyathi noma izindlela zemali ezihambisana nobugebengu bezezimali.

Ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa obufana nokuqinisekiswa kwe-ID yebhayomethrikhi, i-KYC yevidiyo, nokuhlola okuzenzakalelayo okungemuva kusiza ukuhlela izinqubo ngokuphephile.

Imibiko Yomsebenzi Osolisayo

Imibiko yemisebenzi esolisayo (ama-SAR) zimelela amathuluzi abalulekile okutholwa nawokuvinjelwa ekulweni nokushushumbiswa kwemali. Izikhungo zezezimali kufanele zifake ama-SAR mayelana nemisebenzi engabazekayo kanye nemisebenzi ye-akhawunti kumayunithi ezobunhloli bezezimali ukuze kuqhutshekwe nophenyo.

Amasu okuhlaziya athuthukile angasiza ekutholeni izilinganiso ezingama-99% zemisebenzi egunyazwe yi-SAR engabikwanga minyaka yonke.

Sekukonke, ukuqondanisa kwenqubomgomo yomhlaba wonke, izinqubo zokuthobela ezithuthukisiwe, nokuxhumana eduze komphakathi nezinkampani ezizimele kuqinisa ukubonakala kwezezimali kanye nobuqotho kuyo yonke imingcele.

Ukusebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe Ngokulwisana Nobugebengu Bezezimali

Ubuchwepheshe obuphuthumayo buveza amathuba okushintsha igeyimu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngendlela emangalisayo ukuvimbela, ukutholwa, kanye nezimpendulo mayelana nobugebengu obuhlukahlukene bezezimali.

I-AI nokufunda ngomshini

I-Artificial intelligence (AI) futhi ukufunda imishini ama-algorithms avula ukutholwa kwephethini ngaphakathi kwamadathasethi amakhulu wezezimali angaphezu kwamandla omuntu. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zifaka:

Izibalo zokukhwabanisa kwenkokhelo
Ukutholwa kokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Cybersecurity
Ukuqinisekiswa kobunikazi
Ukubika okusolisayo okuzenzakalelayo
Ukumodela ubungozi kanye nokubikezela

I-AI yengeza abaphenyi be-AML abangabantu kanye namathimba okuthobela ukuze kuqashwe okuphakeme, ukuvikela, nokuhlela amasu ngokumelene namanethiwekhi obugebengu bezezimali. Imele ingxenye ebalulekile yengqalasizinda yesizukulwane esilandelayo Esilwa Nobugebengu Bezezimali (AFC).

“Ubuchwepheshe buyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili ekulweni nobugebengu bezezimali. Yize idala amathuba amasha ezigebengu, iphinde isinikeze amandla ngamathuluzi anamandla okuzilandela nokuzivimba.” - Umqondisi Omkhulu we-Europol uCatherine De Bolle

Izibalo zeBlockchain

Amaleja asabalaliswe obala afana I-Bitcoin ne-Ethereum blockchain vumela ukulandelelwa kokugeleza kwezimali ukukhomba ukushushumbiswa kwemali, imikhonyovu, izinkokhelo ze-ransomware, uxhaso lwamaphekula, kanye nentengiselwano egunyaziwe.

Amafemu angochwepheshe ahlinzeka ngamathuluzi okulandelela i-blockchain ezikhungweni zezimali, amabhizinisi e-crypto, nama-ejensi kahulumeni ukuze aqondise ngamandla ngisho nemali eyimfihlo egxile ekuyimfihlo njenge-Monero ne-Zcash.

I-Biometrics kanye ne-Digital ID Systems

Kuphephile ubuchwepheshe be-biometric njengezigxivizo zeminwe, i-retina, nokubonwa kobuso kungena esikhundleni samakhodi okudlula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuwena obuthembekile. Izinhlaka ze-ID yedijithali ezithuthukisiwe zinikeza izivikelo eziqinile ngokumelene nokukhwabanisa okuhlobene nobunikazi kanye nezingozi zokukhwabanisa imali.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-API

Vula izixhumanisi zokuhlela izicelo zebhange (Ama-API) vumela ukwabelana ngedatha okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwezikhungo zezezimali ukuze kuqashelwe izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene zama-akhawunti ekhasimende kanye nemisebenzi. Lokhu kunciphisa izindleko zokuthobela ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa ukuvikelwa kwe-AML.

Ukwabelana Ngolwazi

Izinhlobo zedatha ezinikelwe zobugebengu bezezimali zisiza ukushintshisana ngolwazi oluyimfihlo phakathi kwezikhungo zezezimali ukuze kuqiniswe ukutholwa kokukhwabanisa kuyilapho kulandelwa izimiso eziqinile zobumfihlo bedatha.

Ngokukhula okunamandla ekukhiqizeni idatha, ukuhlanganisa imininingwane kuzo zonke izizindalwazi ezinkulu kumelela ikhono elibalulekile lokuhlaziya ubuhlakani bomphakathi nezinkampani ezizimele kanye nokuvimbela ubugebengu.

Ukusebenzisana kwe-UAE ne-Interpol Ukulwa Nobugebengu Bezezimali

I-UAE ikubona ngokuqinile usongo olukhulu lobugebengu bezezimali futhi ithatha isinyathelo esiwujuqu ngokusebenzisana ne-Interpol ukuze ilwe nabo:

Intelligence Sharing

I-UAE ishintshisana ngezobunhloli ne-Interpol mayelana nemikhuba yobugebengu bezezimali, ama-typology, namanethiwekhi obugebengu.
Iziteshi ze-Interpol ezivikelekile zinika amandla ukwabelana ngolwazi oluwela imingcele ngabasolwa ngobugebengu kanye nemisebenzi engekho emthethweni.

Ukusebenzisa izinsiza ze-Interpol

I-UAE isebenzisa isizindalwazi se-Interpol's Financial Crime and Anti-Corruption Center ezigebengwini zezezimali.
Amathuluzi afana ne-Global Stop Payment Mechanism avumela ukubanda kokwenziwe okusolisayo.
Imininingo egciniwe yezokuphepha yasolwandle isiza ekuhlonzeni ubugebengu obuhlobene namacala ezezimali.

Imisebenzi Ehlanganyelwe

Izikhungo zomthetho ze-UAE zibamba iqhaza ngokukhuthele emisebenzini edidiyelwe yi-Interpol.
Lokhu kuqondiswe kumakhosi amakhulu ezezimali, ukutholwa kwempahla, kanye nokudilizwa kwamanethiwekhi obugebengu.
Isibonelo sakamuva: I-Operation Lionfish ngokumelene nokushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa emhlabeni jikelele.

Ubuholi Bomhlaba Wonke

I-UAE isekela i-ajenda yokulwa nobugebengu bezezimali ezinkundleni ze-UN kanye ne-FATF eceleni kwe-Interpol.
Lo mkhankaso uqinisa ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokulinganisa kwezinyathelo zokulwa.

Ngalobu budlelwano obuhlukahlukene obuhlanganisa ubuhlakani, izinsiza, ukusebenza, nobuholi, i-UAE iqinisa ukuzivikela futhi ikhuthaze i-ecosystem yezezimali yomhlaba evikelekile.

Umthelela Wobugebengu Bezezimali Emnothweni we-UAE

Ubugebengu bezezimali bubeka usongo olukhulu ekuzinzeni nasekukhuleni komnotho we-UAE. Imithelela engemihle ibuyela emuva emikhakheni eminingi futhi ibukela phansi imizamo yezwe yokugcina uhlelo lwezezimali oluqinile nolusobala. Ubugebengu bezezimali sebugxile kakhulu emnothweni womhlaba, njengoba iHhovisi leNhlangano Yezizwe Ezilwisana Nezidakamizwa Nobugebengu (i-UNODC) lilinganisela isilinganiso sawo esiphelele ku-3-5% we-GDP yomhlaba wonke, emele ama-US $ 800 wezigidigidi kuya ku-$2 trillion ageleza ngemigudu engekho emthethweni minyaka yonke. .

Okokuqala, ubugebengu bezezimali obufana nokuxhaphaza imali, ukubalekela intela, nokukhwabanisa kungahlanekezela ukuguquguquka kwezimakethe futhi kudale inkundla yokudlala engalingani yamabhizinisi asemthethweni. I-Financial Action Task Force (FATF) ibika ukuthi ukushushumbiswa kwemali kukodwa kufinyelela ku-$1.6 trillion ngonyaka, okulingana no-2.7% we-GDP yomhlaba. Lokhu kungadikibalisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe, kuvimbe imizamo yokwehlukahlukana kwezomnotho, futhi kuvimbe amabhizinisi nokuqamba izinto ezintsha ngaphakathi kwe-UAE.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubugebengu bezezimali bungaqeda ukwethenjwa komphakathi ezikhungweni zezimali nezikhungo zikahulumeni, kuvimbele amandla azo okusebenza ngempumelelo. Lokhu kungaholela ekubalekeni kwezimali, ukuncipha kwemali engenayo yentela, kanye nokulahlekelwa ukuzethemba ohlelweni lwezezimali lwe-UAE, ekugcineni kukhinyabeze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho kanye namathemba okukhula. Amazwe asathuthuka angase alahlekelwe ngaphezu kwesigidigidi esingu-$1 ngonyaka ngenxa yokugwema intela nokugwema intela yezinkampani, okugqamisa imiphumela enzima yezomnotho.

Okokugcina, izindleko ezihambisana nokuphenya, ukushushisa, kanye nokubuyisela izimpahla ezilahlekile ngenxa yobugebengu bezezimali zingacindezela umthetho we-UAE nezinsiza zokwahlulela, zisuse izimali zisuke kwezinye izindawo ezibalulekile zokuthuthukiswa komnotho nezinhlelo zezenhlalakahle.

Imizamo kaHulumeni wase-UAE Yokulwa Nobugebengu Bezezimali

Okokuqala, i-UAE iqinise uhlaka lwayo lwezomthetho nolulawulayo ngokusungula imithetho eqinile yokulwa nokushushumbiswa kwemali (i-AML) kanye nemithetho yokuxhasa ngezimali amaphekula (CFT). Le mithetho igunyaza izinqubo eziqinile zokuqikelela okufanele, izidingo zokubika, kanye nezinhlawulo zokungathobeli.

Okwesibili, uhulumeni usesungule ama-ejensi akhethekile namabutho asebenzayo azinikele ekutholeni, ukuphenya kanye nokushushisa ubugebengu bezezimali. Lokhu kubandakanya Uphiko Olulwisana Nokushushumbiswa Kwezimali Namacala Asolisayo (i-AMLSCU) kanye neHhovisi Eliphethe Lokulwa Nokushushumbiswa Kwezimali Nokuxhashazwa Ngezimali Kobuphekula.

Okwesithathu, i-UAE iqinise ukusebenzisana kwayo nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe kanye nozakwabo bangaphandle. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo ezinhlelweni eziholwa yi-Financial Action Task Force (FATF), IQembu le-Egmont Leyunithi Yezobunhloli Bezezimali, kanye ne-Interpol, njengoba kuxoxiwe ngakho ngaphambili.

Okokugcina, uhulumeni utshale imali eningi ekwakheni amakhono kanye nokuqwashisa umphakathi. Lokhu kubandakanya izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abomthetho, izikhungo zezezimali, namabhizinisi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhono labo lokuhlonza nokubika imisebenzi esolisayo. Imikhankaso yokuqwashisa umphakathi nayo ihlose ukufundisa izakhamuzi nezakhamuzi ngobungozi nemiphumela yobugebengu bezezimali.

Ubugebengu Bezezimali e-UAE kanye Nemiphumela Yabo