Kubera Ndalama kapena Hawala ku UAE: Kodi Mabendera Ofiira ku AML ndi chiyani?

Kubera Ndalama kapena Hawala ku UAE

Kubera ndalama kapena Hawala ku UAE ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potchula momwe olakwira amabisa gwero la ndalama. 

Ndalama kuchapa ndi zigawenga ndalama kuopseza kukhazikika kwachuma ndikupereka ndalama zogwirira ntchito zoletsedwa. Choncho zonse anti-money laundering (AML) malamulo ndi ofunikira. United Arab Emirates (UAE) ili ndi malamulo okhwima a AML, ndipo ndikofunikira kuti izi zitheke makampani ndi mabungwe azachuma omwe akugwira ntchito mdziko muno amamvetsetsa zizindikiro zofiira kuti azindikire zochitika zokayikitsa.

Kodi Money Laundering ndi chiyani?

Kusamba ndalama kumakhudzanso kubisa ndalama zosaloleka zomwe zinachokera mwachisawawa pogwiritsa ntchito zovuta zachuma. Njirayi imathandizira kuti zigawenga zigwiritse ntchito "zauve" zopezeka pamilandu powatumizira mabizinesi ovomerezeka. Zingayambitse zovuta kuwononga ndalama chilango mu uae kuphatikizapo chindapusa chambiri ndi kutsekeredwa m’ndende.

Njira zodziwika bwino zochotsera ndalama zikuphatikizapo:

• Kupanga ma depositi a ndalama kuti mupewe kupereka malipoti
• Kugwiritsa ntchito makampani a zipolopolo kapena fronts kubisa umwini
• Smurfing - kupanga malipiro ang'onoang'ono angapo motsutsana ndi imodzi yayikulu
• Kubera ndalama motengera malonda kudzera mu ma invoice okwera etc.

Kusiyidwa osayang'aniridwa, kuwononga ndalama imasokoneza chuma ndikupangitsa uchigawenga, kuzembetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, katangale, kuzemba msonkho ndi milandu ina.

Malamulo a AML ku UAE

The UAE imayika patsogolo kulimbana ndi milandu yazachuma. Malamulo ofunikira ndi awa:

• Federal Law No. 20 of 2018 pa AML
• Central Bank Anti-Money Laundering and Combating Financing of Terrorism and Illegal Organisation's Regulation
• Chigamulo cha nduna nambala 38 cha 2014 chokhudza Malamulo a Mndandanda wa Zigawenga
• Malingaliro ena othandizira ndi chitsogozo kuchokera ku mabungwe olamulira monga Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) ndi mautumiki

Malamulowa ali ndi udindo wokhudza kusamalitsa kwamakasitomala, kusunga zolemba, kupereka malipoti okayikitsa, kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu oyenera kutsatira ndi zina zambiri.

Kulephera kutsatira izi kumabweretsa zilango zokhwima kuphatikiza chindapusa chambiri mpaka AED 5 miliyoni komanso kumangidwa.

Kodi Red Flags mu AML ndi chiyani?

Mbendera zofiira zimatanthawuza zizindikiro zachilendo zomwe zimasonyeza ntchito yomwe ingakhale yosaloledwa yomwe imafuna kufufuza kwina. Zizindikiro zofiira za AML zimagwirizana ndi:

Makhalidwe Okayikitsa Makasitomala

• Chinsinsi chodziwika kapena kusafuna kupereka zambiri
• Kusafuna kufotokoza zambiri za chikhalidwe ndi cholinga cha bizinesi
• Kusintha pafupipafupi komanso kosadziwika bwino pakuzindikiritsa zambiri
• Zoyeserera zokayikitsa zopewa kupereka lipoti

Zochita Zowopsa Kwambiri

• Kulipira kwakukulu kwandalama popanda chiyambi chandalama
• Zochita ndi mabungwe omwe ali m'malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu
• Zolinga zovuta zomwe zimabisa umwini wopindulitsa
• Kukula kolakwika kapena kuchuluka kwa mbiri yamakasitomala

Zochitika Zachilendo

• Zochita zomwe zilibe chifukwa chomveka bwino pazachuma
• Zosagwirizana ndi zochitika zanthawi zonse za kasitomala
• Kusadziwa zambiri zamalonda omwe apangidwa m'malo mwa munthu

Red Flags mu UAE's Context

UAE imayang'anizana ndi zenizeni ngozi zowononga ndalama kuchokera ku kuchuluka kwandalama, kugulitsa golide, kugulitsa nyumba ndi nyumba ndi zina. Zizindikiro zina zofiira zikuphatikizapo:

Kusinthana kwa Ndalama

• Kusungitsa, kusinthanitsa kapena kuchotsera pa AED 55,000
• Zochita zingapo zocheperapo kuti musapereke malipoti
• Kugula zida za ndalama monga macheke apaulendo popanda mapulani oyenda
• Akuganiziridwa kuti akukhudzidwa zachinyengo ku UAE

Ndalama Zamalonda

• Makasitomala omwe akuwonetsa kukhudzidwa pang'ono ndi malipiro, ma komisheni, zikalata zamalonda, ndi zina.
• Malipoti abodza atsatanetsatane wazinthu ndi njira zotumizira
• Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu mu kuchuluka kwa katundu / kutumiza kunja kapena kufunikira

Nyumba ndi zomangidwa

• Kugulitsa ndalama zonse, makamaka kudzera pawaya kuchokera kumabanki akunja
• Zochita ndi mabungwe ovomerezeka omwe umwini wawo sangatsimikizidwe
• Mitengo yogulira yosagwirizana ndi malipoti owerengera
• Kugula nthawi imodzi ndi malonda pakati pa mabungwe ogwirizana

Golide/Zodzikongoletsera

• Kugula ndalama pafupipafupi kwa zinthu zamtengo wapatali zomwe zimaganiziridwa kugulitsanso
• Kukana kupereka umboni wa chiyambi cha ndalama
• Kugula / kugulitsa popanda malire a phindu ngakhale kuti ndi ogulitsa

Mapangidwe Kampani

• Munthu wochokera kudziko lomwe lili pachiwopsezo chachikulu akuyang'ana kukhazikitsa kampani yakomweko mwachangu
• Chisokonezo kapena kusafuna kukambirana zambiri za ntchito zomwe zakonzedwa
• Zopempha zothandizira kubisa umwini

Zochita Poyankha Mabendera Ofiira

Mabizinesi akuyenera kuchitapo kanthu pozindikira mbendera zofiira za AML:

Kulimbikira Kwambiri (EDD)

Sonkhanitsani zambiri za kasitomala, gwero la ndalama, mtundu wa zochitika ndi zina zambiri. Umboni wowonjezera wa ID ukhoza kuperekedwa ngakhale kuvomerezedwa koyamba.

Kuwunikiridwa ndi Compliance Officer

Woyang'anira kampani wa AML akuyenera kuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri ndikusankha zoyenera kuchita.

Malipoti okayikitsa a Transaction Reports (STRs)

Ngati zochitika zikuwoneka zokayikitsa ngakhale EDD, perekani STR ku FIU mkati mwa masiku 30. Ma STR amafunikira mosasamala kanthu za mtengo wamalonda ngati kubera ndalama kumadziwa kapena kukukayikira. Zilango zimagwira ntchito kwa osapereka lipoti.

Zochita Zotengera Zowopsa

Njira monga kuwunika kopitilira muyeso, kuletsa zochita, kapena kusiya maubwenzi zitha kuganiziridwa malinga ndi zochitika zinazake. Komabe, kudziwitsa anthu za kusungitsa ma STR ndikoletsedwa mwalamulo.

Kufunika Kopitiriza Kuwunika

Pokhala ndi njira zopezera ndalama mwachinyengo ndi zigawenga, kuwunika kosalekeza ndi kukhala tcheru ndikofunikira.

Njira monga:

• Kuwunikanso ntchito zatsopano/zachiopsezo
• Kusintha magulu owopsa a kasitomala
• Kuwunika kwanthawi ndi nthawi kwa machitidwe okayikitsa owunikira zochitika
• Kusanthula zochita motsutsana ndi mbiri yamakasitomala
• Kufananiza zochita ndi anzawo kapena zoyambira zamakampani
• Kuyang'anira paokha pa mndandanda wa zilango ndi ma PEP

Thandizani kuzindikira mwachangu mbendera zofiira nkhani zisanachuluke.

Kutsiliza

Kumvetsetsa zizindikiro za zochitika zosavomerezeka ndizofunikira kwambiri Kutsata kwa AML ku UAE. Mbendera zofiira zokhudzana ndi machitidwe a makasitomala achilendo, machitidwe okayikitsa, makulidwe amalonda osagwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe amapeza, ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zalembedwa apa ziyenera kufufuzidwanso.

Ngakhale kuti milandu yeniyeni imatsimikizira zochita zoyenera, kunyalanyaza nkhawa kungakhale ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Kupatula zovuta zazachuma komanso mbiri, malamulo okhwima a AML a UAE amaikanso mlandu kwa anthu osamvera.

Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mabizinesi aziwongolera moyenera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito akuphunzitsidwa kuzindikira ndikuyankha moyenera Zizindikiro za Red Flag mu AML.