Kubera ndalama kumaphatikizapo kubisa ndalama zosaloleka kapena kuzipangitsa kuwoneka ngati zololeka kudzera muzochitika zovuta zachuma. Kumathandiza achifwamba kusangalala ndi phindu la zolakwa zawo kwinaku akuzemba kusunga malamulo. Tsoka ilo, ngongole zimapereka njira yopezera ndalama zonyansa. Obwereketsa akuyenera kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu amphamvu oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama mwachinyengo (AML) kuti azindikire zochitika zokayikitsa ndikupewa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika ntchito zawo. Nkhaniyi ikupereka chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha njira ndi njira zabwino zochepetsera ngozi zowononga ndalama pakubwereketsa.
Kumvetsetsa Zowopsa Zowononga Ndalama Pakubwereketsa
Obera ndalama amapezerapo mwayi pamipata padziko lonse lapansi dongosolo lazachuma kuyeretsa ndalama zonyansa. The gawo lobwereketsa zimawakopa chifukwa ngongole zimawathandiza kupeza ndalama zambiri mosavuta. Zigawenga zitha kubwereketsa ndalama zosaloledwa kuti zibweze ngongole kuti ziwoneke ngati zapeza ndalama zovomerezeka. Kapena angagwiritse ntchito ngongole pogula katundu, kubisa gwero la ndalama zosaloleka. Kusakhazikika kwa ngongole zabizinesi angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati chivundikiro cha kuba ndalama, ndi achifwamba kulephera kubweza ngongole zovomerezeka ndi kuzibwezera ndi ndalama zosaloledwa.
Malinga ndi FinCEN, chinyengo cha ngongole chogwirizanitsidwa ndi njira zowononga ndalama chimapangitsa kuti chiwonongeko choposa $1 biliyoni pachaka mu United States mokha. Choncho, anti money laundering compliance ndi udindo wofunikira kwa onse obwereketsa, kuphatikiza mabanki, mabungwe obwereketsa ngongole, makampani afintech, ndi obwereketsa ena.
Kukhazikitsa Njira Zodziwa Makasitomala Anu (KYC).
Njira yoyamba yodzitchinjiriza ndikutsimikizira makasitomala awo kudzera mwatsatanetsatane Dziwani Makasitomala Anu (KYC) cheke. FinCEN's Customer Due Diligence Lamulo la FinCEN limafuna obwereketsa kuti asonkhanitse zidziwitso za obwereketsa monga:
- Zovomerezeka mwalamulo
- Adilesi
- Tsiku lobadwa
- Nambala ya chizindikiritso
Ayenera kutsimikizira izi pofufuza zikalata za ID zoperekedwa ndi boma, umboni wa adilesi, ndi zina.
Kuwunika kosalekeza kwa zochitika zangongole ndi zochitika zamakasitomala kumathandizira kuzindikira machitidwe achilendo kuthekera kowononga ndalama. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuunika zinthu monga kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kubweza kapena chikole cha ngongole.
Kulimbikira Kwambiri Kwamakasitomala Ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu
Makasitomala ena, monga Politically exposed persons (PEPs), amafuna kusamala. Maudindo awo odziwika bwino m'boma amawapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo cha ziphuphu, kubwezeredwa, ndi katangale zina zomwe zimadzetsa nkhawa zakuwononga ndalama.
Obwereketsa akuyenera kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso zambiri za omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, kuphatikiza zochita zawo zamabizinesi, magwero a ndalama, ndi mayanjano. Izi Kulimbikira Kwambiri (EDD) zimathandiza kudziwa komwe ndalama zawo zimachokera.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zamakono Kuzindikiritsa Zokayikitsa Zokayikitsa
Kuyang'ana mapempho a ngongole ndi malipiro pamanja ndi njira yosagwira ntchito, yolakwika. Mapulogalamu apamwamba a analytics ndi AI kulola obwereketsa kuti aziyang'anira kuchuluka kwazinthu zomwe zimachitika mwachilendo munthawi yeniyeni.
Zizindikiro zina zofiira zodziwika bwino zosonyeza ndalama zauve ndi monga:
- Kubweza mwadzidzidzi kuchokera kumadera osadziwika akunyanja
- Ngongole zochirikizidwa ndi zitsimikizo zochokera kumagulu ena osasangalatsa
- Kuchulukitsa kwa ndalama ndi kuwerengera kwa katundu
- Ndalama zikuyenda kudzera muakaunti angapo akunja
- Kugula pogwiritsa ntchito zovuta za umwini
Zokayikitsa zikaperekedwa, ogwira ntchito akuyenera kutumiza Malipoti Okayikitsa (SARs) ndi FinCEN kuti mufufuze.
Kulimbana ndi Kuwononga Ndalama Kudzera Ngongole Zogulitsa Malo
Makampani ogulitsa nyumba ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha njira zowonongera ndalama. Nthawi zambiri zigawenga zimagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zosaloleka kuti zipeze malo kudzera mu ngongole zanyumba kapena kugula ndalama zonse.
Zizindikiro zochenjeza ndi ngongole zanyumba ndi monga:
- Malo ogulidwa ndikugulitsidwa mwachangu popanda cholinga chilichonse
- Kusagwirizana kwa mtengo wogula motsutsana ndi mtengo woyesedwa
- Maphwando osazolowereka omwe amapereka chitsimikizo kapena malipiro
Njira monga kuwerengera ndalama zolipirira ndalama, kufunikira kotsimikizira ndalama, komanso kuwunika momwe ndalama zimakhalira zimathandiza kuchepetsa ngoziyi.
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Momwe Zatsopano Zamakono Zamakono Zimathandizira Kuwononga Ndalama
Ukadaulo wazachuma womwe ukubwera umapereka zida zotsogola kwa anthu owononga ndalama, monga:
- Kusamutsa pa intaneti kudzera mumaakaunti akunja osadziwika bwino
- Kusinthana kwa Cryptocurrency ndi kuyang'anira kochepa
- Mbiri zamalonda zobisika kudutsa malire
Njira zowunikira mwachangu komanso kugwirizanitsa mabungwe ndikofunika kuthana ndi ziwopsezo zakuba ndalama zomwe fintech zimawopseza. Olamulira padziko lonse lapansi akuthamangiranso kukhazikitsa malamulo ndi malangizo ogwirizana ndi zoopsa zomwe zikuchitikazi.
Kukulitsa Chikhalidwe Chotsutsana ndi Kubera Ndalama
Kuwongolera kwaukadaulo kumapereka gawo limodzi lokha la chitetezo cha AML. Chofunikiranso ndikukhazikitsa chikhalidwe cha bungwe m'magulu onse pomwe ogwira ntchito amakhala ndi umwini wozindikira ndi kupereka malipoti. Maphunziro athunthu amawonetsetsa kuti ogwira ntchito azindikira zochitika zokayikitsa zachuma. Pakali pano kufufuza kodziyimira pawokha kumapereka chitsimikizo kuti makina ozindikira amagwira ntchito bwino.
Kudzipereka kwapamwamba komanso kusamala kwamakampani kumapanga chishango cholimba, chamitundumitundu motsutsana ndi kuba ndalama.
Kutsiliza
Kukasiyidwa, kubera ndalama kudzera pa ngongole kumayambitsa mavuto azachuma. Kudziwa bwino njira zamakasitomala anu, kuyang'anira zochitika, ndi malipoti mothandizidwa ndiukadaulo waposachedwa kumapereka chitetezo champhamvu kwa obwereketsa. Oyang'anira ndi oyang'anira malamulo akupitirizabe kukonza malamulo ndi kugwirizanitsa malire a malire kuti athe kuthana ndi njira zamakono zomwe zimachokera ku zida zatsopano zachuma.
Kudzipereka kogwirizana m'magulu achinsinsi komanso aboma kudzachepetsa mwayi waupandu kunjira zopezera ndalama kwa nthawi yayitali. Izi zimateteza chuma cha dziko, madera, mabizinesi ndi nzika ku zovuta zowonongeka za milandu yazachuma.
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