I-United Arab Emirates (UAE) yindawo enomtsalane yenkcubeko yenkcubeko, iyantlukwano yezenkolo, kunye nelifa lembali elityebileyo. Eli nqaku lijonge ukuphonononga ukusebenzisana okuntsonkothileyo phakathi koluntu lwezenkolo oludlamkileyo, izenzo zabo, kunye nelaphu lasekuhlaleni elilodwa elamkela ubuninzi benkolo ngaphakathi kwe-UAE.
Ibekwe kumbindi weArabia Gulf, i-UAE yindawo enyibilikayo yeenkcubeko, apho izithethe zamandulo zihlalisana ngemvisiswano neemvakalelo zanamhlanje. Ukusuka kwiimosque ezidumileyo ezithe gqolo ukuya kwiitempile zamaHindu ezidlamkileyo kunye neecawe zobuKristu, ubume bomoya besizwe bububungqina bokuzibophelela ekunyamezeleni nasekuqondeni ngokwenkolo.
Njengoko singena kwesi sihloko sichukumisayo, siya kutyhila imisonto edibanisa i-tapestry yokholo kwi-UAE. Siza kuphonononga ubutyebi belifa lenkcubeko yamaSilamsi, inkolo ephambili yeli lizwe, kunye nefuthe layo elikhulu kubume besizwe. Ukongeza, siya kukhanyisela uluntu olwahlukeneyo olubiza i-UAE likhaya, bebhiyozela izithethe zabo ezizodwa, iminyhadala, kunye nendima ebalulekileyo abayidlalayo ekubumbeni indlela yokuziphatha ebandakanya isizwe.
Zeziphi iinkolo ezenziwa e-UAE?
I-UAE ngumzekelo oqaqambileyo weyantlukwano yenkolo, apho iinkolo ezahlukeneyo zihlalisana ngemvisiswano. Ngelixa iSilamsi iyeyona nkolo iphambili, elandelwa luninzi lwabemi base-Emirati, isizwe samkela intaphane yezinye iinkolelo kunye nezithethe zonqulo. inkolo yamaSilamsi, ngokubaluleka okunzulu kwenkcubeko nembali, ibambe indawo ebalaseleyo kwi-UAE. Imbonakalo-mhlaba yeli lizwe ihonjiswe ziimosque ezimangalisayo, ezibonisa ukutyeba kobugcisa bokwakha nobuSilamsi. Ukusuka kwi-iconic Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque e-Abu Dhabi ukuya kwi-Jumeirah Mosque e-Dubai, le mimangaliso yezakhiwo isebenza njengeendawo ezingcwele zomoya kunye neempawu zelifa lesizwe lamaSilamsi.
Ngaphaya kweSilamsi, i-UAE ilikhaya kumfanekiso oqaqambileyo woluntu lwenkolo. unkolo yamaHindu, inkolo yakwaBudda, inkolo yamaKrestu, yaye ezinye iinkolo zenziwa ngokukhululekileyo kwimida yelizwe. Iitempile zamaHindu, ezinjengeetempile zeShiva kunye neKrishna eDubai, zibonelela ngentuthuzelo yokomoya kubantu ababalulekileyo baseIndiya. Iicawa zamaKristu, kuquka iSt. Andrew's Church e-Abu Dhabi kunye ne-United Christian Church e-Dubai, zibonelela ngeemfuno zenkolo zabahlali abangamaKristu kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo.
Le tapestry yenkolo ityetyiswe ngakumbi bubukho beeSikh gurdwaras, iimonki zamaBhuda, kunye nezinye iindawo zonqulo, zibonisa ukuzibophelela okungagungqiyo kwe-UAE ekunyamezeleni nasekubandakanyekeni ngokwenkolo. Iinzame zikarhulumente zokuququzelela ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwala maziko onqulo ahlukeneyo zibalaselisa ukuma kwelizwe ngenkqubela ngenkululeko yonqulo.
Zingaphi iinkolo ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwi-UAE?
I-UAE ime njengebhakana eqaqambileyo yeyantlukwano yezenkolo, ibonelela ngolwamkelo olwamkelekileyo kwinkitha yeenkolo ezivela kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngelixa icandelo langaphambili lalijongisisa kwiinuances zeenkolo ezahlukeneyo ezenziwa ngaphakathi esizweni, eli candelo liza kubonelela ngamagqabantshintshi ngombono wenkolo eyahlukeneyo okhoyo e-UAE.
Iinkolo ezikhoyo kwi-UAE zinokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- ISilamsi (iSunni kunye neShia)
- UbuKristu (ubuKatolika, ubuProtestanti, ubuOthodoki baseMpuma, njl.njl.)
- unkolo yamaHindu
- inkolo yakwaBudda
- Sikhism
- inkolo yamaJuda
- Baha'i Ukholo
- Zoroastrianism
- Druze Faith
Ngaphandle koluhlu olubanzi lweenkolo ezimelweyo, uluntu lwe-UAE lusekwe kwimigaqo yentlonipho, ukuqondana, kunye nokuphilisana ngoxolo. Lo mzobo utyebileyo weyantlukwano yonqulo awutyebisi nje kuphela inkcubeko yesizwe kodwa ukwangumzekelo oqaqambileyo onokuxeliswa ngamanye amazwe.
Ziziphi iidemografi zamaqela enkolo e-UAE?
| inkolo | Ipesenti yabemi |
|---|---|
| ISilamsi (iSunni kunye neShia) | 76% |
| UbuKristu (ubuKatolika, ubuProtestanti, ubuOthodoki baseMpuma, njl.njl.) | 9% |
| unkolo yamaHindu | 7% |
| inkolo yakwaBudda | 3% |
| Ezinye iiNkolo (iSikhism, ubuYuda, ukholo lweBaha'i, iZoroastrianism, ukholo lwamaDruze) | 5% |
Idatha ethiwe thaca kule theyibhile isekwe kolona lwazi lufumanekayo ngexesha lokubhala. Nangona kunjalo, iidemografi zenkolo zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye amanani akhankanyiweyo kufuneka athathwe njengoqikelelo kunokuba abe manani aqinisekileyo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibanise la manani kunye nemithombo yakutshanje esemthethweni okanye amaziko ophando ahloniphekileyo ukuze ufumane ulwazi lwangoku.
Inkolo iyichaphazela njani inkcubeko kunye nezithethe zeUAE?
Inkolo idlala indima enkulu ekubumbeni ubutyebi benkcubeko kunye nezithethe ze-United Arab Emirates. Njengesizwe esinabemi abaninzi abangamaSilamsi, iimfundiso kunye nezithethe zamaSilamsi zishiye uphawu olungacimekiyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoluntu lwase-Emirati. Impembelelo yamaSilamsi ibonakala kuyilo lwelizwe, kunye neendawo zokunqula ezimangalisayo ezihombisa imbonakalo yezixeko ezifana neDubai kunye ne-Abu Dhabi. Ezi zakhiwo zimangalisayo azipheleli nje ngokuba ziindawo zonqulo kodwa zikwangubungqina belifa lesizwe lamaSilamsi kunye nembonakalo yobugcisa. Ikhwelo lomthandazo, elivakala kwiiminarets kahlanu ngemini, lisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sezithethe ezinzulu zomoya zelizwe.
Imigaqo yamaSilamsi ikwakhokela uninzi lwezithethe zenkcubeko kunye nemilinganiselo yentlalo ye-UAE. Iingcamango ezinjengokubuk’ iindwendwe, ukuthozama nokuhlonela abadala zendele ngokunzulu kwindlela yokuphila yama-Emirati. Ngenyanga engcwele yeRamadan, ilizwe lamkela umoya wokucingisisa, kunye neentsapho kunye noluntu ludibana kunye ukuze lujonge ukuzila ukutya, ukuthandaza, kunye nokubhiyozela ukwaphula uzilo (Iftar) ngokuhlwa ngabunye. Ngelixa amaSilamsi anempembelelo enkulu, ilaphu lenkcubeko etyebileyo ye-UAE likwalukwe ngemisonto yezinye iinkolo. Imithendeleko yamaHindu efana neDiwali kunye neHoli ibhiyozelwa ngentshiseko enkulu, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinoluntu olukhulu lwamaIndiya. Imibala eqaqambileyo, isinxibo semveli, kunye nokutya okunqwenelekayo okuhambelana nale minyhadala yongeza kwiyantlukwano yenkcubeko ye-UAE.
Uluntu lwamaKristu e-UAE lukhumbula iziganeko ezifana neKrisimesi kunye ne-Ista, zihlala zilungiselela imibhiyozo kunye neendibano ezibonisa izithethe zabo zonqulo. Ngokufanayo, iitempile zamaBhuda kunye neemonki zisebenza njengamaziko okomoya kunye nemisitho yenkcubeko, ekhuthaza imvakalelo yoluntu phakathi kwabantu abangamaBhuda. Ukuzibophelela kwe-UAE kunyamezelo lwezenkolo kunye nobandakanyo ludale imeko apho iinkolo ezahlukeneyo zinokuhlalisana ngokumanyeneyo, nganye inegalelo kwizinto zayo ezizodwa kwinkcubeko yesizwe. Le yantlukwano ayityebisi nje kuphela inkcubeko yelizwe kodwa ikwakhuthaza ukuqondana nokuxatyiswa kwabantu balo abohlukeneyo.
Yeyiphi imithetho kunye nemimiselo enxulumene nenkolo kwi-UAE?
IUnited Arab Emirates sisizwe esikuxabisile ukunyamezelana ngokwenkolo nenkululeko yonqulo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho imithetho ethile kunye nemimiselo ekhoyo yokugcina imvisiswano yoluntu kunye nentlonipho yezithethe zelizwe kunye nezithethe. UbuSilamsi yinkolo esemthethweni ye-UAE, kwaye imithetho yelizwe ithathwe kwiSharia (umthetho wamaSilamsi). Ngelixa abangengawo amaSilamsi bekhululekile ukwenza iinkolo zabo, kukho izithintelo kunye nezikhokelo ekufuneka zilandelwe.
- Ukuguqula Abantu: AbangengoMaSilamsi abavumelekanga ukuba baguqule amaSilamsi okanye bazame ukuguqulela amaSilamsi kolunye unqulo. Oku kuthathwa njengomba obuthathaka kwaye ulawulwa ngokungqongqo ukugcina uzinzo lwentlalo.
- Iindawo zonqulo: Urhulumente we-UAE uququzelela ukwakhiwa kunye nokusebenza kweendawo zonqulo ezingezizo zamaSilamsi, ezinjengeecawe, iitempile, kunye nezindlu zoonongendi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zakhiwo kufuneka zifumane iimvume eziyimfuneko kwaye zihambelane nemimiselo efanelekileyo.
- Uncwadi Nezinto Eziluncedo Zonqulo: Ukungeniswa nokusasazwa koncwadi neencwadi zonqulo ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuxhomekeke kwimvume yamagunya afanelekileyo. Izinto ezithathwa njengezikhubekisayo okanye ezikhuthaza ukunganyamezelani ngokwenkolo zisenokungavunyelwa.
- Ikhowudi yesinxibo: Nangona kungekho migaqo ingqongqo yokunxiba kwabo bangengawo amaSilamsi, kulindeleke ukuba abantu banxibe ngokundilisekileyo kwaye bahloniphe inkcubeko yasekuhlaleni, ngakumbi kwiimeko zonqulo okanye ngexesha lezenkolo.
- Utywala kunye nenyama yehagu: Ukusela utywala kunye nenyama yehagu kuvunyelwe ngokubanzi kubantu abangengawo amaSilamsi kwiindawo ezichongiweyo kunye neendawo ezinelayisensi. Nangona kunjalo, kwinyanga engcwele yeRamadan, imigaqo engqongqo inokusebenza.
- Ukuziphatha kuluntu: Abantu kulindeleke ukuba bahloniphe izithethe zenkcubeko kunye nobuntununtunu bezenkolo ze-UAE. Imiboniso yasesidlangalaleni yothando, isimilo esiphazamisayo, okanye izenzo ezinokuthi zigqalwe njengezikhubekisayo kwiinkolelo zonqulo azikhuthazwa.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imithetho nemimiselo ye-UAE malunga nenkolo ijolise ekugcineni ubumbano loluntu kunye nentlonipho yazo zonke iinkolo. Ukungathobeli le mithetho kungakhokelela kwizohlwayo okanye kwiziphumo zomthetho. Urhulumente ukhuthaza iingxoxo kunye nokuqondana ngeemvaba ngeemvaba, ekhuthaza abantu beenkolo ezahlukeneyo ukuba bahlale ngoxolo kwaye babe negalelo kubutyebi benkcubeko yesizwe.
Ngaba i-UAE inika inkululeko yonqulo kubahlali bayo?
Ewe, iUnited Arab Emirates inika inkululeko yonqulo kubahlali kunye neendwendwe. Ngelixa iSilamsi iyinkolo esemthethweni, uMgaqo-siseko we-UAE ukhusela ilungelo lenkululeko yokunqula kunye nokwenza amasiko enkolo ngokuhambelana nezithethe ezimiselweyo. Urhulumente uququzelela ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kweendawo zonqulo ezingezizo ezobuSilamsi, ezinjengeecawa, iitempile nezindlu zoonongendi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abantu beemvaba ngeemvaba baqhelisele iinkolelo zabo ngokukhululekileyo.
Noko ke, kukho imimiselo ethile ukuze kugcinwe imvisiswano yasekuhlaleni nokuhlonelwa kwezithethe zenkcubeko, njengemiqathango yokuguqula abantu nokusasazwa kweencwadi zonqulo ngaphandle kwemvume efanelekileyo. Lilonke, i-UAE ixhasa indlela yokunyamezelana kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo, ikhuthaza imekobume yokuhlalisana ngoxolo kunye nentlonipho yeeyantlukwano zonqulo ngaphakathi kwemida yayo.
Yintoni ubudlelwane phakathi kolwimi kunye nenkolo kwi-UAE?
Kwi-United Arab Emirates, ulwimi nenkolo zinolwalamano oluntsonkothileyo, olusekelwe ngokunzulu kwinkcubeko yelo lizwe. IsiArabhu, esilulwimi lweQuran kunye nolwimi oluthethwa kakhulu ngamaSilamsi, sibambe indawo ebalulekileyo kwisazisi senkolo nenkcubeko yesizwe. Ulwimi lwesi-Arabhu ayisiyondlela yokunxibelelana nje kwii-Emiratis ezininzi kodwa ikwalulwimi olusetyenziswa kwiintshumayelo zonqulo, emithandazweni nakwizithethe kwinkolo yamaSilamsi. IiMosque kunye namaziko amaSilamsi kulo lonke elase-UAE aqhuba iinkonzo kunye neemfundiso zawo ikakhulu ngesiArabhu, eqinisa unxibelelwano olomeleleyo phakathi kolwimi nenkolo.
Nangona kunjalo, inani labantu abahlukeneyo be-UAE lithetha ukuba ezinye iilwimi ziyathethwa kwaye zisetyenziswe kwiimeko zonqulo. Umzekelo, iitempile zamaHindu zinokuqhuba imisitho kunye neentetho ngeelwimi ezinjengesiHindi, isiMalayalam, okanye isiTamil, zibonelela ngeelwimi ezikhethwa ngabantu abahlala kuzo. Ngokufanayo, iicawa zamaKristu zinikela iinkonzo ngeelwimi ezinjengesiNgesi, isiTagalog, nezinye iilwimi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezithethwa ngamabandla abo. Le yantlukwano yolwimi phakathi kwezenkolo ibonisa ukuzibophelela kwe-UAE ekubandakanyekeni nasekuhlonipheni imvelaphi yenkcubeko eyahlukeneyo.
Iinzame zikarhulumente zokukhuthaza isi-Arabhu njengolwimi olusemthethweni lo gama ikwaqonda ukubaluleka kwezinye iilwimi kwimeko yezenkolo ibonisa indlela elungeleleneyo yesizwe yokugcina ilifa lenkcubeko ngelixa sisamkela iyantlukwano.
