I-United Arab Emirates (UAE) iwuchungechunge oluthakazelisayo lwamasiko, ukuhlukahluka kwezenkolo, kanye namagugu omlando anothile. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuhlola ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kwemiphakathi yezenkolo enempilo, imikhuba yayo, kanye nendwangu eyingqayizivele yomphakathi ehlanganisa ubuningi bezenkolo ngaphakathi kwe-UAE.
Itholakala enhliziyweni ye-Arabian Gulf, i-UAE iyindawo encibilikayo yamasiko, lapho amasiko asendulo ehlala khona ngokuzwana nokuzwela kwesimanjemanje. Kusukela kuma-mosque anomlando kuya emathempelini amaHindu anempilo kanye namasonto obuKristu, isimo somoya sezwe siwubufakazi bokuzibophezela kwaso ekubekezeleni nasekuqondeni ngokwenkolo.
Njengoba singena kulesi sihloko esihehayo, sizokwembula imicu ehlanganisa i-tapestry yokholo e-UAE. Sizohlola amagugu acebile amasiko e-Islam, inkolo ehamba phambili yezwe, kanye nomthelela wayo ojulile ebunikazini besizwe. Ukwengeza, sizokhanyisa ngemiphakathi eyahlukene ebiza i-UAE ikhaya, igubha amasiko ayo ahlukile, imikhosi, nendima ebalulekile abayidlalayo ekulolongeni izimiso zezwe ezibandakanyayo.
Yiziphi izinkolo ezenziwa e-UAE?
I-UAE iyisibonelo esigqamile sokuhlukahluka kwezenkolo, lapho izinkolo ezihlukahlukene ziphila ndawonye ngokuvumelana. Ngenkathi i-Islam iyinkolo ehamba phambili, elandelwa iningi lezakhamizi zase-Emirati, isizwe samukela inqwaba yezinye izinkolelo nezinqubo zenkolo. Islam, ngokubaluleka okujulile kwamasiko nomlando, inendawo evelele e-UAE. Indawo yaleli zwe ihlotshiswe ngama-mosque amangalisayo, abonisa ukunotha kwezakhiwo nemiklamo yamaSulumane. Kusukela ku-Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque e-Abu Dhabi kuya e-Jumeirah Mosque e-Dubai, lezi zimangaliso zezakhiwo zisebenza njengezindawo ezingcwele zomoya kanye nezimpawu zefa lesizwe lamaSulumane.
Ngale kwe-Islam, i-UAE iyikhaya le-mosaic enempilo yemiphakathi yezenkolo. UbuHindu, Buddhism, ubuKristu, Futhi ezinye izinkolo zenziwa ngokukhululeka ngaphakathi kwemingcele yezwe. Amathempeli amaHindu, njengamathempeli e-Shiva ne-Krishna e-Dubai, anikeza induduzo engokomoya kubantu ababalulekile baseNdiya abavela kwamanye amazwe. Amasonto obuKristu, okuhlanganisa i-St. Andrew's Church e-Abu Dhabi kanye ne-United Christian Church e-Dubai, anakekela izidingo zenkolo zabahlali abangamaKristu kanye nezivakashi ngokufanayo.
Le tapestry yezenkolo ithuthukiswa futhi ngokuba khona kwamaSikh gurdwaras, izindela zamaBuddha, nezinye izindawo zokukhonzela, okubonisa ukuzibophezela okungaguquki kwe-UAE ekubekezeleleni nasekubandakanyeni inkolo. Imizamo kahulumeni yokusiza ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwalezi zikhungo zenkolo ezihlukahlukene iqokomisa ukuma kwezwe okuqhubekayo ngenkululeko engokwenkolo.
Zingaki izinkolo ezahlukene ezikhona e-UAE?
I-UAE imi njengesibani esikhanyayo sokwehlukahlukana kwezenkolo, ihlinzeka ngokwamukelana okwamukelekayo ezinkolweni eziningi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Ngenkathi isigaba sangaphambilini sidingida izilinganiso zezinkolo ezahlukahlukene ezenziwa ezweni, lesi sigaba sizonikeza umbono omfishane wenkolo ehlukahlukene ekhona e-UAE.
Izinkolo ezikhona e-UAE zingafingqwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Islam (Sunni and Shia)
- UbuKristu (ubuKatolika, ubuProthestani, ubu-Orthodox baseMpumalanga, njll.)
- UbuHindu
- Buddhism
- Sikhism
- baphuma ebuJudeni
- Ukholo lwe-Baha'i
- namaZoroaster
- Druze Faith
Naphezu kohlu olubanzi lwezinkolo ezimelelwe, umphakathi we-UAE usekelwe ezimisweni zokuhloniphana, ukuqondana, nokuphilisana ngokuthula. Lo mdwebo ocebile wezinhlobonhlobo zenkolo awugcini nje ngokucebisa isiko lesizwe kodwa futhi ukhonza njengesibonelo esikhanyayo esingasilingisa amanye amazwe.
Yiziphi izibalo zabantu zamaqembu ezenkolo e-UAE?
| Inkolo | Amaphesenti Amanani Wabantu |
|---|---|
| Islam (Sunni and Shia) | 76% |
| UbuKristu (ubuKatolika, ubuProthestani, ubu-Orthodox baseMpumalanga, njll.) | 9% |
| UbuHindu | 7% |
| Buddhism | 3% |
| Ezinye Izinkolo (Sikhism, Judaism, Baha'i Faith, Zoroastrianism, Druze Faith) | 5% |
Idatha ethulwe kuleli thebula isekelwe olwazini olungcono kakhulu olutholakala ngesikhathi sokubhala. Nokho, izibalo zenkolo zingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi izibalo ezishiwo kufanele zibhekwe njengezilinganiso kunezibalo eziqondile. Kutuswa ukuthi ubhekise lezi zinombolo ngemithombo yakamuva esemthethweni noma izikhungo zocwaningo ezihlonishwayo ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva kakhulu.
Inkolo iwathinta kanjani amasiko namasiko e-UAE?
Inkolo idlala indima enkulu ekulolongeni ubuciko obucebile bamasiko namasiko e-United Arab Emirates. Njengesizwe esinabantu abaningi abangamaSulumane, izimfundiso nezimiso zamaSulumane zishiye uphawu olungenakucimeka ezicini ezihlukahlukene zomphakathi wase-Emirati. Ithonya le-Islam liyabonakala ekwakhiweni kwezwe, nama-mosque amangalisayo ahlobise izindawo zamadolobha afana ne-Dubai ne-Abu Dhabi. Lezi zimangaliso zezakhiwo azigcini nje ngokuba yizindawo zokukhulekela kodwa futhi ziwubufakazi befa lesizwe lamaSulumane kanye nokubonakaliswa kobuciko. Ubizo lokuya emthandazweni, oluzwakala emithanjeni emikhulu kahlanu ngosuku, lusebenza njengesikhumbuzo samasiko angokomoya ajulile ezwe.
Izimiso zamaSulumane ziphinde ziqondise imikhuba eminingi yamasiko nezimiso zomphakathi ze-UAE. Imiqondo enjengokungenisa izihambi, isizotha, nokuhlonipha abadala igxile ngokujulile endleleni yokuphila yama-Emirati. Ngenyanga engcwele ye-Ramadan, izwe lamukela umoya wokuzindla, lapho imindeni nemiphakathi ihlangana ndawonye ukuze ibuke ukuzila, ithandaze, futhi igubhe ukwephula inzilo (Iftar) njalo kusihlwa. Nakuba i-Islam inamandla amakhulu, indwangu yamasiko ecebile yase-UAE nayo yalukwa ngemicu yezinye izinkolo. Imikhosi yamaHindu efana ne-Diwali ne-Holi igujwa ngesasasa elikhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemiphakathi emikhulu yamaNdiya ephuma kwamanye amazwe. Imibala egqamile, izingubo zomdabu, nokudla okumnandi okuhlotshaniswa nala mafestiveli kungeza ekwahlukeni kwamasiko e-UAE.
Imiphakathi yamaKrestu e-UAE ikhumbula izikhathi ezifana noKhisimusi nePhasika, ivamise ukuhlela imigubho nemibuthano ekhombisa amasiko abo enkolo. Ngokufanayo, amathempeli nezindela zamaBuddha zisebenza njengezikhungo zokwenza izinto ezingokomoya nezehlakalo zamasiko, okukhuthaza umuzwa womphakathi phakathi kwabantu abangamaBuddha. Ukuzibophezela kwe-UAE ekubekezeleleni inkolo nokufakwa kudale indawo lapho izinkolo ezahlukene zingaphilisana khona ngokuzwana, ngayinye inikele ngezici zayo ezihlukile zamasiko ekucushweni kwezwe. Lokhu kwehlukahlukana akugcini nje ngokucebisa indawo yamasiko ezwe kodwa futhi kukhuthaza ukuqonda nokwazisa phakathi kwabantu abahlukahlukene.
Iyini imithetho neziqondiso ezihlobene nenkolo e-UAE?
I-United Arab Emirates iyizwe elikwazisa ukubekezelelana ngokwenkolo nenkululeko yokukhulekela. Nokho, kunemithetho nemithethonqubo ethile ekhona yokugcina ukuzwana komphakathi kanye nokuhlonipha imikhuba namasiko ezwe. I-Islam iyinkolo esemthethweni ye-UAE, futhi imithetho yezwe ithathwe ku-Sharia (umthetho wamaSulumane). Yize abangewona amaSulumane bekhululekile ukusebenzisa izinkolo zabo, kunemikhawulo ethile nemihlahlandlela okufanele ilandelwe.
- Ukuguqula Abantu: Abangewona amaSulumane abavunyelwe ukuguqula abantu noma ukuzama ukuguqulela amaSulumane kwenye inkolo. Lokhu kuthathwa njengodaba olubucayi futhi kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuze kugcinwe uzinzo emphakathini.
- Izindawo Zokukhonzela: Uhulumeni we-UAE usiza ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwezindawo zokukhonzela ezingezona ezamaSulumane, njengamasonto, amathempeli, nezindela. Kodwa-ke, lezi zikhungo kufanele zithole izimvume ezidingekayo futhi zihambisane nemithethonqubo efanele.
- Izincwadi Zenkolo Nezinto Ezisetshenziswayo: Ukungeniswa nokusakazwa kwezincwadi zenkolo nezinto zokwakha kungaphansi kokugunyazwa yiziphathimandla ezifanele. Izinto ezithathwa njengezicasulayo noma ezikhuthaza ukungabekezelelani ngokwenkolo zingase zinqatshelwe.
- Ikhodi Yokugqoka: Nakuba ingekho imithetho eqinile yokugqoka kwabangewona amaSulumane, kulindeleke ukuthi abantu ngabanye bagqoke ngesizotha futhi bahloniphe ukuzwela kwamasiko endawo, ikakhulukazi ezimeni zenkolo noma ngezikhathi zezenkolo.
- Utshwala Nenyama Yengulube: Ukuphuzwa kotshwala nenyama yengulube ngokuvamile kuvunyelwe kwabangewona amaSulumane ezindaweni eziqokiwe kanye nezikhungo ezinelayisensi. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nenyanga engcwele yeRamadan, kungasebenza imithetho eqinile.
- Ukuziphatha Komphakathi: Abantu kulindeleke ukuthi bahloniphe imikhuba yamasiko nokuzwela kwezenkolo kwe-UAE. Ukuboniswa esidlangalaleni kothando, ukuziphatha okuphazamisayo, noma izenzo ezingase zithathwe njengezicasula izinkolelo zenkolo azikhuthazwa.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi imithetho nemithetho ye-UAE mayelana nenkolo ihloselwe ukugcina ukubumbana komphakathi nokuhlonipha zonke izinkolo. Ukungathobeli le mithetho kungase kubangele izinhlawulo noma imiphumela yezomthetho. Uhulumeni ugqugquzela ngenkuthalo ukuxoxisana nokuzwana kwezinkolo ezahlukene, ekhuthaza abantu bezinkolo ezehlukene ukuthi bahlalisane ngokuthula futhi babe nesandla ekunotheni kwamasiko esizwe.
Ingabe i-UAE inikeza inkululeko yenkolo kubahlali bayo?
Yebo, i-United Arab Emirates inikeza inkululeko yenkolo kubahlali bayo nezivakashi. Nakuba i-Islam iyinkolo esemthethweni, uMthethosisekelo we-UAE uqinisa ilungelo lenkululeko yokukhulekela kanye nokwenza amasiko enkolo ngokuhambisana namasiko amisiwe. Uhulumeni usiza ngenkuthalo ukwakhiwa nokusebenza kwezindawo zokukhulekela ezingewona amaMuslim, njengamasonto, amathempeli nezigodlo zezindela, okwenza abantu bezinkolo ezihlukahlukene bakwazi ukwenza izinkolelo zabo ngokukhululekile.
Nokho, imithetho ethile imisiwe ukuze kugcinwe ukuvumelana komphakathi nokuhlonipha amasiko, njengemingcele yokuguqulela abantu kwenye inkolo nokusabalalisa izinto zenkolo ngaphandle kwezimvume ezifanele. Sekukonke, i-UAE isekela indlela yokubekezelela ezinkolweni ezahlukene, ikhuthaza indawo yokuphilisana ngokuthula nokuhlonipha ukuhlukahluka kwezenkolo phakathi kwemingcele yayo.
Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kolimi nenkolo e-UAE?
E-United Arab Emirates, ulimi nenkolo zihlanganyela ubuhlobo obuyinkimbinkimbi, obugxile ekusikweni kwezwe. Isi-Arabhu, okuwulimi lwe-Quran kanye nolimi olukhulunywa kakhulu abantu abangamaSulumane, sibambe indawo ebalulekile enkolweni nangokwesiko yesizwe. Ulimi lwesi-Arabhu aluyona nje indlela yokuxhumana yama-Emiratis amaningi kodwa futhi ulimi olusetshenziswa ezintshumayelweni zenkolo, emithandazweni, nasezinkolweni zamaSulumane. Ama-mosque nezikhungo zamaSulumane kulo lonke elase-UAE zenza izinkonzo nezimfundiso zazo ikakhulukazi ngesi-Arabhu, okuqinisa ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kolimi nenkolo.
Kodwa-ke, inani labantu base-UAE elihlukahlukene lisho ukuthi nezinye izilimi ziyakhulunywa futhi zisetshenziswe ezimweni zenkolo. Isibonelo, amathempeli amaHindu angase enze imikhosi nezinkulumo ngezilimi ezifana nesi-Hindi, isiMalayalam, noma isiTamil, ebhekelela okuthandwayo kwezilimi zemiphakathi yawo. Ngokufanayo, amasonto obuKristu anikela ngezinkonzo ngezilimi ezinjengesiNgisi, isiTagalog, nezinye izilimi ezihlukahlukene ezikhulunywa amabandla awo. Lokhu kwehlukahlukana kwezilimi ngaphakathi kwezilungiselelo zezenkolo kubonisa ukuzibophezela kwe-UAE ekuhlanganiseni nasekuhlonipheni izizinda zamasiko ezihlukene.
Imizamo kahulumeni yokuthuthukisa isi-Arabhu njengolimi olusemthethweni kuyilapho futhi eqaphela ukubaluleka kwezinye izilimi ezimweni zezenkolo ikhombisa indlela yesizwe elinganiselayo ekugcineni amagugu alo amasiko kuyilapho samukela ukuhlukahluka.
