Krim falsifikasyon, lwa ak pinisyon nan fo nan UAE

Falsizatè refers to the crime of falsifying a document, signature, banknote, artwork, or other item in order to deceive others. It is a serious criminal offense that can result in significant legal penalties. This article provides an in-depth examination of various forms of forgery recognized under UAE law, the corresponding legal provisions, and the severe punishments that await those found guilty of such offenses.

What is the Definition of Forgery under UAE Law?

Falsizatè se pwosesis pou fè, adapte, oswa imite objè oswa dokiman avèk entansyon pou twonpe. Li enplike kreye yon bagay fo yo nan lòd yo jwenn yon avantaj. Sa gen ladann kontrefè lajan, kreye fo travay atistik, fo siyati sou papye legal, chanje chèk pou vòlè lajan, ak lòt bagay ki bay manti. aktivite. It is defined under Federal Law No. 3 of 1987 (Penal Code) in Article 216.

Gen kèk aspè kle ki jeneralman distenge fo ak kopi oswa replikasyon:

  • Entansyon pou twonpe oswa twonpe – Fòs yo kreye ak move entansyon olye pou repwodiksyon lejitim.
  • Fo reprezantasyon – Forgers pral reklame travay yo lejitim oswa kreye pa yon lòt moun.
  • Chanjman valè – Chanjman yo fèt pou ogmante valè oswa kreye kèk avantaj.

Kèk egzanp komen atik ki vize pa fòjeur include contracts, checks, currency, identification documents, historical artifacts, artworks, collectibles, and financial transaction records. The key point is that forgery usually involves official legal documents or instruments. Not every imitation qualifies as forgery – only those involving legal/money records falsified illegally.

What are the Different Types of Forgery Recognized in UAE?

Genyen yon kantite teknik ki itilize pou kreye fo depann sou kalite atik yo te falsifye. Kalite komen falsifikasyon yo enkli:

Fòs Dokiman

Sa a enplike nan kreye fo dokiman oswa chanje enfòmasyon sou dokiman lejitim pou rezon fwod. Objektif komen yo enkli:

  • Dokiman idantite – Lisans chofè, paspò, kat sekirite sosyal.
  • Dokiman finansye – Chèk, lòd peman, aplikasyon pou prè.
  • Dokiman legal – Kontra, testaman, zèv, dosye elèv yo.

Teknik tipik yo enkli kont, sibstitisyon paj, mete nouvo tèks sou dokiman otantik, efase oswa ajoute enfòmasyon, trase siyati nan lòt dokiman.

Siyati Siyati

Siyati falsifikatè konsantre espesyalman sou falsifye non inik yon moun ekri alamen. Objektif komen yo enkli:

  • Chèk yo – Chanje kantite lajan, non benefisyè, oswa siyati tiwa falsifye.
  • Dokiman legal – Fòje siyati sou testaman, kontra, zèv.
  • Travay atistik – Ajoute fo siyati pou ogmante valè.
  • Atik istorik – Fo atribiye atik nan figi pi popilè.

Forgers aprann ak anpil atansyon imite aspè tankou fòm lèt, ritm plim, lòd konjesyon serebral ak presyon.

Fo

Fo enplike nan fè fo kopi atik ki gen anpil valè ak entansyon pou twonpe biznis ak konsomatè yo. Objektif yo enkli:

  • Lajan – Pifò fo – $100 bòdwo Ozetazini. Jiska $70 milyon sikilasyon.
  • Machandiz deliks - Rad designer, mont, bijou jwenn kopye.
  • Kat kredi/debi – Èske yo ka kopi ak done yo vòlè li.
  • tikè – Fo vwayaj, tikè evènman vann sou entènèt.

Enprimant sofistike ak nouvo karakteristik sekirite fè kontrefè modèn trè konvenkan.

Fòs atizay

Fòs atizay refere a kreye travay ki sanble ak sa yo ki nan atis ki renome epi pase yo kòm penti orijinal oswa eskilti. Motif yo enkli prestige, validation, ak pwofi imans soti nan pèseptè atizay anvi ki vle peye gwo sòm lajan pou moso ki ra, ki pèdi.

Forgers dedye ane rechèch materyèl atis yo, teknik ak estil. Anpil moun gen talan atistik konsiderab tèt yo, ak metikuleu etidye modèl konjesyon serebral, bwòs, modèl krake nan penti ak repwodui fo ki ka twonpe ekspè tèt yo.

Medya dijital falsifikatè

Avans nan teknoloji yo te pèmèt falsifye medya dijital ki gen ladan imaj, videyo, odyo, sit entènèt ak plis ankò. Ogmantasyon nan gwo twou san fon demontre teknik pwisan AI-kondwi pou kreye fo videyo konvenk moun k ap fè oswa di bagay yo pa janm aktyèlman fè.

Lòt teknik komen yo enkli fotoshopping imaj, manipile klip odyo, spoofing sit entènèt, chanje dokiman analize, oswa fabrike Ekran ak logo. Sa yo ka itilize pou kalomnye, move enfòmasyon, atak èskrokri, vòl idantite ak frod sou entènèt.

Seal Forgery

Seal forgery is a specific type of forgery that involves the unauthorized creation, replication, or alteration of official seals or stamps used by government entities, organizations, or businesses. These seals serve as a means of validating the authenticity and legitimacy of important documents, contracts, certificates, and other official records.

The gravity of seal forgery lies in its potential to undermine the credibility and integrity of these essential documents. By creating counterfeit seals or modifying existing ones, perpetrators can produce forged documents that appear genuine, potentially leading to legal, financial, or reputational consequences for individuals or organizations.

What is the difference Between Forgery and Falsification?

AspèFalsizatèFalsifikasyon
DefinisyonCreating a false document, object or imitation from scratch with intent to deceive or defraud, as defined in Article 216 of the UAE Penal Code.Altering or tampering with an originally genuine document or object in order to misrepresent facts, as per Article 215.
Men kèk egzanpCounterfeiting currency, fake university degrees, forged artwork, false identities or signatures.Modifying official reports, changing contract terms, adulterating product labels or specifications.
entansyonClear intent to deceive by creating something completely false.Intent to misrepresent the truth by altering genuine items.
SanksyonTemporary imprisonment and/or fine. For expatriates, deportation may apply in some cases.Detention, fine and/or deportation depending on severity. Harsher for public officials.
KonkouIf falsification occurs during the forgery process, both crimes are punishable separately.If forgery is part of the falsification process, both are considered one crime with combined penalty.
Egzanpsyon yoSome exemptions for artworks, satire or when no fraudulent intent.Very limited exemptions apply.
Other CrimesOften linked to fraud, using forged documents, etc.May also involve abuse of office or other violations.

The main distinction is that forgery starts from scratch to create something completely false, while falsification deceitfully modifies genuine documents or objects. UAE laws address both crimes severely to uphold integrity.

What are the Punishments for Forgery in UAE?

Forgery offenses in the UAE are dealt with sternly, and penalties can be severe based on the type of crime committed. Here are the potential punishments for selected forgery offenses:

Fòs Dokiman

  • For official documents: Temporary jail time up to 10 years (UAE Penal Code Article 251)
  • For unofficial documents: Court-determined imprisonment, less severe than official document forgery
  • Using forged document copies: Up to 5 years behind bars (UAE Penal Code Article 217)

Siyati Siyati

  • Replicating signatures on documents falls under the punishments for document forgery crimes

Fo

  • Counterfeiting currency is considered highly disruptive to the financial system
  • Harsh sentences including lengthy imprisonment and steep fines apply

Fòs atizay

  • Penalties vary based on the value of the forged artwork and intent (deceiving buyers, tarnishing artist’s reputation)
  • Can range from monetary fines to incarceration, depending on the specifics

Medya dijital falsifikatè

  • Under Federal Decree-Law No. 34/2021:
    • Forging federal/local govt electronic documents: Temporary jail time and AED 150,000-750,000 fine
    • Forging documents of other entities: Detention and/or AED 100,000-300,000 fine

Seal Forgery

  • Considered part of document forgery offenses
  • Subject to the punishments outlined for document forgery crimes

It’s clear the UAE takes a zero-tolerance approach to any kind of forgery, with penalties aimed at preventing such unlawful acts that undermine authenticity and trust.

Prevansyon Fòs

Diminye ensidan fwod mande pou prevansyon konplè ak kouch ki konsantre sou:

Sekirize Dokiman yo

  • Sere atik sansib yo an sekirite - kofr, bwat fèmen, kondui chiffres.
  • Limite aksè fizik/dijital ak biwo fèmen, politik modpas.
  • Anplwaye kamera siveyans, alam, pèsonèl sekirite.

Teknoloji Otantifikasyon

  • Byometrik - anprent dwèt, rekonesans feminen ak iris.
  • Blockchain - distribiye Ledger pou tranzaksyon dijital.
  • Siyati dijital - idantifyan ankripte ki verifye otantisite.

Edikasyon itilizatè

  • Antrene pèsonèl yo pou wè fo – idantifye dokiman ki chanje, filigran, siy verifikasyon.
  • Ankouraje kanpay konsyantizasyon fwod ki eksplike risk ak politik prevansyon.

Atansyon anbochaj

  • Byen egzekite pèsonèl yo anvan yo bay dokiman oswa aksè finansye.
  • Fè chèk kriminèl background, chèk kredi, verifikasyon travay.

Teknik deteksyon fo

Plizyè teknik legal yo itilize pa envestigatè ak dokiman yo egzaminatè pou detèmine si atik yo otantik oswa fo:

  • Analiz ekriti – Konpare polis, pant, modèl konjesyon serebral, presyon ak abitid siyen.
  • Analiz papye - Etidye filigrane, logo, konpozisyon chimik ak aliyman fib.
  • Verifikasyon lank - Tès koulè, makiyaj chimik, epesè pisin.
  • Imaging – Mikwoskòp, spèktrometri, tès ESDA ak lojisyèl imaj òdinatè.

Ekriti ak dokiman ekspè sibi fòmasyon vaste pou analize sistematikman karakteristik ekriti ak karakteristik sekirite modem. Yo bay rapò detaye sou egzamen yo ak konklizyon konsènan otantisite.

Pou gwo travay atistik ki koute dè santèn de milye oswa travay ki gen pwovens dout, pwopriyetè yo itilize analiz syantifik pou otantifye orijin epi dekouvri potansyèl yo. fo. Tès yo tcheke materyèl, laj pousyè tè ak salte kouch, koupon pou twal, date radyo-isotop ak segman espektroskopi enfrawouj egzamine kouch penti miltip.

What is the Procedure for Filing a Forgery Case in Dubai?

If you suspect that you are a victim of forgery in Dubai, you can file a case with the Dubai Police. The first step is to go to the nearest police station and file an official complaint. Be prepared to provide details about the incident, any evidence you may have, such as forged documents or objects, and any information about the suspected perpetrator(s).

After lodging the complaint, the police will investigate the matter thoroughly. They may request additional documentation or evidence from you, and may also summon the accused for questioning. Depending on the complexity of the case, the investigation process can take some time.

Once the police have gathered sufficient evidence, they will forward the case to the Public Prosecution. The prosecutor will then review the case and decide whether to press charges or not. If charges are filed, the case will proceed to the Dubai Courts, where it will be tried according to the UAE’s laws on forgery. It’s advisable to seek legal counsel to guide you through the judicial process.

How a Specialized Lawyer can help?

Navigating a forgery case in the UAE can be an intricate and daunting process, given the serious nature of the offense and the complexities involved in the country’s legal system. Seeking assistance from a lawyer who specializes in handling forgery cases can prove to be invaluable in such situations.

A specialized lawyer will possess in-depth knowledge and a thorough understanding of the relevant laws, court procedures, and evidentiary requirements specific to forgery offenses. They can provide expert guidance on building a strong case, gathering and presenting evidence effectively, and representing you competently in court. Their familiarity with the nuances of such cases can be crucial in formulating the right legal strategies.

Moreover, an experienced forgery lawyer can offer valuable insights into the potential outcomes and consequences of the case, enabling you to make informed decisions. They can also negotiate with the authorities on your behalf, advocate for your rights, and ensure that the legal process is fair and transparent. Their expertise in handling similar cases can significantly increase your chances of achieving a favorable resolution.

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